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Answer

C

Step-by-step solution

17 steps

Let's solve these questions step-by-step.

Part 1· 2 steps

An express bus carries 28 passengers, 18 of whom are men. What is the ratio of female passengers to male passengers?

  1. Find the number of female passengers.

    Total passengers = 28
    Male passengers = 18
    Female passengers = Total passengers - Male passengers

    28−18=1028 - 18 = 10

    So, there are 10 female passengers.

  2. Find the ratio of female passengers to male passengers.

    Ratio = Female : Male

    10:1810 : 18

    Simplify this ratio by dividing both numbers by 2.

    102:182=5:9\frac{10}{2} : \frac{18}{2} = 5 : 9

    The correct option is (C).

    Answer: C) 59\boxed{\text{C) } \frac{5}{9}}

Part 2· 2 steps

If 60% of the members in a club are men, what is the ratio of men to women?

  1. Find the percentage of women.

    Total members = 100%
    Men = 60%
    Women = 100% - 60%

    100%−60%=40%100\% - 60\% = 40\%

    So, 40% of the members are women.

  2. Find the ratio of men to women.

    Ratio = Men : Women

    60:4060 : 40

    Simplify this ratio by dividing both numbers by 20.

    6020:4020=3:2\frac{60}{20} : \frac{40}{20} = 3 : 2

    The correct option is (D).

    Answer: D) 3:2\boxed{\text{D) } 3 : 2}

Part 3· 2 steps

A father wants to divide 390 birr between his two children A and B in the ratio 5:8. How much money will child A and child B get respectively?

  1. Find the total number of ratio parts.

    Total ratio parts = 5 + 8

    5+8=135 + 8 = 13

  2. Calculate the amount of money each child receives.

    Child A's share = 513×390 birr\frac{5}{13} \times 390 \text{ birr}

    513×390=5×30=150 birr\frac{5}{13} \times 390 = 5 \times 30 = 150 \text{ birr}

    Child B's share = 813×390 birr\frac{8}{13} \times 390 \text{ birr}

    813×390=8×30=240 birr\frac{8}{13} \times 390 = 8 \times 30 = 240 \text{ birr}

    The correct option is (A).

    Answer: A) 150 and 240\boxed{\text{A) 150 and 240}}

Part 4· 3 steps

A man wants to divide 4,600 birr among his three children in the ratio 12:23:34\frac{1}{2} : \frac{2}{3} : \frac{3}{4}. What is the share of each child from the smallest to the largest?

  1. Convert the ratio to whole numbers.

    The denominators are 2, 3, and 4. The least common multiple (LCM) of these numbers is 12.
    Multiply each part of the ratio by 12:

    12×12=6\frac{1}{2} \times 12 = 6 23×12=8\frac{2}{3} \times 12 = 8 34×12=9\frac{3}{4} \times 12 = 9

    The new ratio is 6 : 8 : 9.

  2. Find the total number of ratio parts.

    Total parts = 6 + 8 + 9

    6+8+9=236 + 8 + 9 = 23

  3. Calculate each child's share.

    First child's share (6 parts) = 623×4600 birr\frac{6}{23} \times 4600 \text{ birr}

    623×4600=6×200=1200 birr\frac{6}{23} \times 4600 = 6 \times 200 = 1200 \text{ birr}

    Second child's share (8 parts) = 823×4600 birr\frac{8}{23} \times 4600 \text{ birr}

    823×4600=8×200=1600 birr\frac{8}{23} \times 4600 = 8 \times 200 = 1600 \text{ birr}

    Third child's share (9 parts) = 923×4600 birr\frac{9}{23} \times 4600 \text{ birr}

    923×4600=9×200=1800 birr\frac{9}{23} \times 4600 = 9 \times 200 = 1800 \text{ birr}

    The shares from smallest to largest are 1200, 1600, and 1800 birr.
    The correct option is (B).

    Answer: B) 1200, 1600 and 1800\boxed{\text{B) 1200, 1600 and 1800}}

Part 5· 1 step

The daily sales of a shop are 2400 birr. If the shop owner pays 4.5% sales tax, how much does he pay from the daily sales?

  1. Calculate the amount of sales tax.

    Daily sales = 2400 birr
    Sales tax rate = 4.5%
    Sales tax amount = 4.5% of 2400

    4.5100×2400=4.5×24\frac{4.5}{100} \times 2400 = 4.5 \times 24 4.5×24=108 birr4.5 \times 24 = 108 \text{ birr}

    The correct option is (C).

    Answer: C) 108\boxed{\text{C) 108}}

Part 6· 2 steps

A school plans to increase the number of students per class from 40 to 50. What is the percentage increase?

  1. Find the increase in the number of students.

    Original number of students = 40
    New number of students = 50
    Increase in students = 50 - 40

    50−40=1050 - 40 = 10

  2. Calculate the percentage increase.

    Percentage increase = IncreaseOriginal number×100%\frac{\text{Increase}}{\text{Original number}} \times 100\%

    1040×100%=14×100%=25%\frac{10}{40} \times 100\% = \frac{1}{4} \times 100\% = 25\%

    The correct option is (B).

    Answer: \boxed{\text{B) 25%}}

Part 7· 2 steps

A retail shop buys a pair of shoes for 80 birr and sells it at a profit of 75%. What is the selling price of the shoes?

  1. Calculate the profit amount in birr.

    Cost price = 80 birr
    Profit percentage = 75%
    Profit amount = 75% of 80 birr

    75100×80=34×80=3×20=60 birr\frac{75}{100} \times 80 = \frac{3}{4} \times 80 = 3 \times 20 = 60 \text{ birr}

  2. Calculate the selling price.

    Selling price = Cost price + Profit

    80+60=140 birr80 + 60 = 140 \text{ birr}

    The correct option is (D).

    Answer: D) 140  birr\boxed{\text{D) 140 \text{ birr}}}

Part 8· 3 steps

A shopkeeper bought 5 dozens of pens at 85 cents per pen and planned to sell each of them for 1 birr. However, 10% of the pens were damaged and thrown away. How much profit did he make?

  1. Calculate the total number of pens and their total cost.

    1 dozen = 12 pens
    5 dozens = 5×12=605 \times 12 = 60 pens
    Cost per pen = 85 cents = 0.85 birr
    Total cost = 60×0.85=51 birr60 \times 0.85 = 51 \text{ birr}

  2. Calculate the number of pens sold and their total selling price.

    Damaged pens = 10% of 60

    0.10×60=6 pens0.10 \times 60 = 6 \text{ pens}

    Pens sold = 60 - 6

    60−6=54 pens60 - 6 = 54 \text{ pens}

    Selling price per pen = 1 birr
    Total selling price = 54×1=54 birr54 \times 1 = 54 \text{ birr}

  3. Calculate the profit.

    Profit = Total selling price - Total cost

    54−51=3 birr54 - 51 = 3 \text{ birr}

    The correct option is (D).

    Answer: D) 3  birr\boxed{\text{D) 3 \text{ birr}}}

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