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5 partsStep-by-step solution
8 stepsHere is the solution to question 7:
Part a(i)· 1 step
mean length;
To calculate the mean, median, and standard deviation, we first construct a frequency distribution table with midpoints, deviations, and cumulative frequencies.
Given assumed mean .
Class width .
| Length (cm) | Class Boundaries | Midpoint () | Frequency () | Cumulative Frequency (cf) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50-59 | 49.5-59.5 | 54.5 | 10 | -40 | -400 | 1600 | 16000 | 10 |
| 60-69 | 59.5-69.5 | 64.5 | 20 | -30 | -600 | 900 | 18000 | 30 |
| 70-79 | 69.5-79.5 | 74.5 | 45 | -20 | -900 | 400 | 18000 | 75 |
| 80-89 | 79.5-89.5 | 84.5 | 52 | -10 | -520 | 100 | 5200 | 127 |
| 90-99 | 89.5-99.5 | 94.5 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 |
| 100-109 | 99.5-109.5 | 104.5 | 18 | 10 | 180 | 100 | 1800 | 188 |
| 110-119 | 109.5-119.5 | 114.5 | 12 | 20 | 240 | 400 | 4800 | 200 |
| Total |
Calculate the mean using the assumed mean formula.
The formula for the mean () using an assumed mean () is:
Substitute the values from the table:
The mean length is .
Part a(ii)
median;
Determine the median position and median class.
Total frequency .
The median position is value.
From the cumulative frequency column, the value falls in the class 80-89 (cf = 127).
So, the median class is 80-89.Apply the median formula for grouped data.
Lower boundary of median class () = 79.5
Frequency of median class () = 52
Cumulative frequency of the class before the median class () = 75
Class width () = 10
The formula for the median is:Substitute the values:
The median is .
Part a(iii)
standard deviation.
Apply the standard deviation formula using the assumed mean.
The formula for standard deviation () using an assumed mean is:
Substitute the values from the table:
The standard deviation is .
Part b(i)
Given that the mean is 41.95, determine the value of a and b;
Table 2 shows the diameters of 100 metal pipes.
Total number of pipes .
Mean diameter .
First, we determine the midpoints () for each class.
Class width .
| Diameter (cm) | Class Boundaries | Midpoint () | Frequency () | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33-35 | 32.5-35.5 | 34 | 7 | 238 |
| 36-38 | 35.5-38.5 | 37 | a | 37a |
| 39-41 | 38.5-41.5 | 40 | 22 | 880 |
| 42-44 | 41.5-44.5 | 43 | 36 | 1548 |
| 45-47 | 44.5-47.5 | 46 | b | 46b |
| 48-50 | 47.5-50.5 | 49 | 9 | 441 |
| Total |
Formulate equations based on total frequency and mean.
From the total frequency:
From the mean formula :
Solve the system of linear equations for and .
From Equation 1, express in terms of : .
Substitute this into Equation 2:Now substitute back into :
The values are and .
Part b(ii)
hence calculate the mode.
Identify the modal class.
The frequencies are 7, , 22, 36, , 9.
The highest frequency is 36, which corresponds to the class 42-44.
So, the modal class is 42-44.Apply the mode formula for grouped data.
Lower boundary of modal class () = 41.5
Frequency of modal class () = 36
Frequency of the class before the modal class () = 22
Frequency of the class after the modal class () = 14
Class width () = 3
The formula for the mode is:Substitute the values:
The mode is .
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