What are the meanings of these proofreading symbols: [, ≈, /, ≡, /#, Γ, ˥, Z, / ?

Okay, these are common proofreading symbols used to mark changes needed in a text. Here they are with simple explanations:

• [ (Looks like a backwards L)

  • Means: New Paragraph
  • Explanation: Start a new paragraph here.

• ≈ (Looks like a wavy equals sign)

  • Means: Join Paragraphs
  • Explanation: Connect two paragraphs into one.

• / (Looks like a forward slash with two lines through it)

  • Means: Capitalize a letter
  • Explanation: Change a lowercase letter to an uppercase (capital) letter.

• ≡ (Looks like three horizontal lines)

  • Means: Capitalize a word
  • Explanation: Change the first letter of a word to uppercase.

• /# (Looks like a forward slash with a hash/pound sign)

  • Means: Insert space
  • Explanation: Add a space where one is missing.

• Γ (Looks like a backwards L with a hook)

  • Means: Move to the left
  • Explanation: Shift the text to the left.

• ˥ (Looks like an L with a hook)

  • Means: Move to the right
  • Explanation: Shift the text to the right.

• Z (Looks like a Z with a line through it)

  • Means: Transpose
  • Explanation: Swap the order of letters or words.

• / (Looks like a simple forward slash)

  • Means: Delete
  • Explanation: Remove the marked text.

• .... (Looks like a series of dots)

  • Means: Cancel deletion
  • Explanation: Put back text that was previously marked for deletion.

• ^ (Looks like an upside-down V)

  • Means: Close up space
  • Explanation: Remove an extra space between words or letters.

• _ (Looks like a single underline)

  • Means: Underline
  • Explanation: Make the marked text underlined.

• ~~~ (Looks like a wavy underline)

  • Means: Italics
  • Explanation: Make the marked text italic (slanted).

• // (Looks like two parallel lines)

  • Means: Straighten margin
  • Explanation: Make the left or right edge of the text even.