A) A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-based system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical or spatial data.

a) A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computer-based system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical or spatial data.

b)

• GIS is a system for managing, analyzing, and displaying spatial data, integrating hardware, software, data, and people to process geographically referenced information. Its main purpose is data analysis and mapping.
• GPS (Global Positioning System) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides precise location and time information to a receiver anywhere on Earth with an unobstructed line of sight to satellites. Its main purpose is to determine position.

c)

• Hardware
• Software
• Data

d)

• Urban planning and management: Used for zoning, infrastructure development, and planning public services.
• Environmental management: Applied in monitoring deforestation, pollution, and managing natural resources.
• Disaster management: Used for mapping risk areas, planning evacuation routes, and assessing damage after natural disasters.

e) The branch of Geography that studies climate and weather is Physical Geography (specifically, Climatology).

f)

Instrument	Function
Thermometer	Measures temperature
Rain gauge	Measures rainfall
Anemometer	Measures wind speed

g)

• It enhances career development by providing skills applicable in fields like urban planning, environmental management, and cartography.
• It enhances skills development such as creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving through the analysis of spatial patterns and relationships.