ACTIVITY 4 HOT, MILD AND COLD CLIMATES OF THE WORLD Study the source and answer the questions below 4.1 Which line of latitude is the hottest? 4.2 Explain why the equator is the hottest. 4.3 Where are the cold climate zones located?

Here are the solutions to Activity 4:

4.1 Which line of latitude is the hottest?
The hottest line of latitude is the $\boxed{\text{Equator (0°)}}$.

4.2 Explain why the equator is the hottest.
The equator is the hottest because it receives sunlight directly overhead. This means the sun's rays hit the Earth's surface at a 90-degree angle, concentrating the solar energy over a smaller area and resulting in higher temperatures.

4.3 Where are the cold climate zones located?
The cold climate zones are located at the $\boxed{\text{high latitudes, near the North Pole (above 60° N) and the South Pole (below 60° S)}}$.