Discuss why governments must understand population distribution and migration trends when planning city infrastructure like schools, clinics, and clean water pipelines.

Governments must understand population distribution and migration trends to effectively plan city infrastructure. Knowing where people reside and where they are moving allows for accurate resource allocation, ensuring sufficient schools for children, adequate clinics for healthcare, and reliable clean water pipelines for all residents. Without this insight, cities risk developing areas with insufficient services, leading to overcrowding, poor living conditions, and social unrest, while other areas might have underutilized infrastructure. Therefore, data-driven planning based on these trends prevents resource wastage and promotes sustainable urban development that meets the evolving needs of its citizens.