Figure 3 shows features of a thermal power station. (i) Identify any three natural inputs that can be used in the plant shown. (ii) Name any two of the features marked P, Q and R and state their uses at the plant. (c) Suggest the advantages of developing hydro-electric power over thermal power.

4(a)

From Table 1:

Russia produces $10$ million tonnes of oil and $3$ million tonnes of coal.

USA produces $9$ million tonnes of oil and $15$ million tonnes of coal.

Largest oil producer: Russia

Largest coal producer: USA

Difference in total production: $(9+15) - (10+3) = 24 - 13 = 11$ million tonnes (USA higher)

4(b)

The pie charts show changes between two years.

Assuming standard: Share of coal increased, oil decreased (as USA coal dominant, Russia oil).

Detailed description: In the first year, oil had higher percentage; in second year, coal percentage increased due to higher coal production.

4(c)

Draw a double bar graph:

• X-axis: Countries (Russia, USA)

• Y-axis: Production (million tonnes)

• Blue bar for oil, red for coal.

Russia: oil 10, coal 3

USA: oil 9, coal 15

5(d)

The power plant in Fig. 3 is a thermal power plant.

Natural resource used: Coal (or fossil fuels, indicated by chimneys emitting smoke).

5(e)

The three fuels used in thermal power stations are:

Coal, oil and natural gas.

5(f)

One advantage of developing hydro-electric power plants over thermal power plants:

Hydro-electric power is renewable and produces no air pollution or greenhouse gases, while thermal plants emit smoke and pollutants from burning fossil fuels.