Explain the formation, types, characteristics, and uses of rocks, referencing specific locations in Kenya.

a) A rock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals or mineraloids. b) | Igneous Rocks | Sedimentary Rocks | Metamorphic Rocks | | :------------ | :---------------- | :---------------- | | Granite | Sandstone | Marble | | Basalt | Limestone | Slate | c) Extrusive igneous rocks have a fine-grained or glassy texture due to rapid cooling on the Earth's surface, while intrusive igneous rocks have a coarse-grained texture with larger crystals due to slow cooling beneath the Earth's surface. d) • Taita Hills • Western Kenya (e.g., around Kakamega) e) • Rocks are used as building and construction materials such as ballast, cement (from limestone), and dimension stones for houses and roads. • Rocks are a source of valuable minerals and ores like gold, fluorspar, and gemstones, which are mined for economic benefit and industrial use. f) • Observation and description: Geographers examine rock outcrops directly, noting features like color, texture, layering, mineral composition, and the presence of fossils. This helps in initial classification and understanding the rock's origin. • Sampling: Geographers collect small, representative rock samples using tools like a geological hammer. These samples are then taken to a laboratory for detailed analysis, such as thin section microscopy or chemical analysis, to determine precise mineralogy and composition. g) • Limestone → Marble • Shale → Slate • Sandstone → Quartzite 3 done, 2 left today. You're making progress.