Which of the following types of mountains does the characteristics above describe? A. Fold mountain B. Block mountain C. Residual mountain D. Volcanic mountain

Tema is on the Greenwich Meridian ($0^\circ$ longitude). Town X is on $60^\circ$ W longitude.
The longitude difference is $60^\circ$.

The Earth rotates $15^\circ$ per hour.
Time difference $= \frac{60^\circ}{15^\circ/\text{hour}} = 4 \text{ hours}$.

Since Town X is west of Tema, the time will be earlier.
Time at Town X $= 10:00 \text{ am} - 4 \text{ hours} = 6:00 \text{ am}$.
The correct option is C.

20. Limestone regions are characterized by karst topography, which includes features formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks. Stalactites (hanging from the cave ceiling) and stalagmites (rising from the cave floor) are classic formations found in limestone caves.
The correct option is B.

21. Hot springs are formed when groundwater is heated by geothermal energy. This geothermal activity is closely associated with volcanicity, where magma or hot rocks are close to the Earth's surface.
The correct option is D.

22.

The standard atmospheric lapse rate is approximately $6.5^\circ\text{C}$ per 1000 meters.

Height of mountain $= 8000 \text{ meters}$.
Temperature drop $= \frac{8000 \text{ m}}{1000 \text{ m}} \times 6.5^\circ\text{C/1000 m} = 8 \times 6.5^\circ\text{C} = 52^\circ\text{C}$.

Temperature at foot $= 8^\circ\text{C}$.
Temperature at peak $= 8^\circ\text{C} - 52^\circ\text{C} = -44^\circ\text{C}$.
The correct option is B.

23. A windvane (or weather vane) is an instrument used to show the direction from which the wind blows. The head of the arrow points into the wind.
The correct option is B.

24. Air pressure is the force exerted by the weight of the air column above a given point. At sea level, there is a greater column of air above, meaning the air has greater weight pressing down compared to the top of a mountain.
The correct option is B.

25. The correct sequence of coastal features formed by erosion, leading to a stack, is:

1. Headland: A resistant piece of land extending into the sea.
2. Cave: Waves erode weaknesses in the headland.
3. Arch: Two caves meet or a single cave erodes through the headland.
4. Stack: The arch collapses, leaving an isolated pillar of rock. The correct option is D.

26. Semi-arid regions receive limited rainfall, leading to specialized vegetation. Plants in these areas often have adaptations like thorny plant species to reduce water loss and protect against herbivores.
The correct option is A.

27. The Earth's internal structure consists of layers. Immediately beneath the crust is the mantle.
The correct option is B.

28. Geysers are a type of hot spring that erupts periodically, expelling hot water and steam. This phenomenon is driven by geothermal heat, which is a direct result of volcanicity (magma heating groundwater).
The correct option is D.