What are the definitions of Fertility, Migration, Morbidity, and Population? What is the standard age range for women of reproductive age?

Here are the answers to the questions:

1.1. The total number of people in a specific geographical area over a period of time is termed as:

• A. Fertility: Refers to the actual production of offspring within a population.
• B. Migration: Refers to the movement of people from one place to another.
• C. Morbidity: Refers to the incidence of disease in a population.
• D. Population: This is the correct definition. A population is defined as the total number of individuals inhabiting a specific area.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{D. Population}}$

2.5. Which of the following constitutes women in fertility age?

• The fertility age, also known as reproductive age, for women is the period during which they are biologically capable of conceiving and bearing children. This range typically starts with menarche and ends with menopause.
• In demography and public health, the standard age range for women of reproductive age is widely considered to be 15 to 49 years.

The final answer is $\boxed{\text{D. 15 to 49 years}}$