What are the key characteristics and examples of continental and oceanic crust, geomorphic vs geological forces, and endogenic vs exogenic processes?

Here are the answers to the questions:

Question 1.
Continental crust is also referred to as Sial and Oceanic crust is also referred to as Sima.

Question 2.
Continental crust comprises much older and lighter rock. The type of rock found in this crust is typically granitic rock (felsic igneous and metamorphic rocks). An example is granite.

Question 3.
Oceanic crust consists of much younger and denser rock. The type of rock found in this crust is typically basaltic rock (mafic igneous rocks). An example is basalt.

Question 4.

• Geomorphic forces (also known as exogenic forces) are external forces that originate on or above the Earth's surface. They are responsible for shaping landforms through processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition. An example is river erosion.
• Geological forces (also known as endogenic forces) are internal forces that originate within the Earth. They cause large-scale changes such as plate tectonics, volcanism, and earthquakes. An example is mountain building due to plate collision.

Question 5.

• Endogenic processes are internal processes that originate within the Earth. They are responsible for creating major relief features on the Earth's surface. An example is volcanism.
• Exogenic processes are external processes that originate on or above the Earth's surface. They are responsible for modifying and wearing down the relief features created by endogenic processes. An example is weathering.