Explain how the government of Kenya has promoted the preservation of African culture and describe the roles of educational commissions and the CDF.

Here are the answers to your questions:

9. Two ways the government has encouraged the preservation of African culture through music and dance are:

   • Organizing and funding national music and dance festivals.
   • Including traditional music and dance in the school curriculum.

10. a) Educational Commissions appointed by the government of Independent Kenya to review the education system include:

    • Ominde Commission (1964)
    • Gachathi Commission (1976)
    • Mackay Commission (1981)
    • Kamunge Commission (1988)
    • Koech Commission (1999)

    b) The main reason why the government of Kenya introduced the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) was to devolve funds to constituencies for local development projects and promote equitable distribution of national resources.

    c) Two ways in which the government has promoted the culture of the people of Kenya since independence are:

    • Establishing cultural institutions such as the National Museums of Kenya.
    • Promoting national languages (Kiswahili) and organizing national cultural festivals.

    d) Three ways in which the government of Kenya introduced the Constituency Development Fund (CDF) are:

    • By enacting the Constituency Development Fund Act in Parliament.
    • By allocating a fixed percentage of the national budget directly to each constituency.
    • By establishing Constituency Development Fund Committees (CDFCs) to manage and oversee projects at the local level.

11. a) The constitutional amendment that made Kenya return to a multi-party state was the repeal of Section 2A of the Constitution in 1991.

    b) The education commission that recommended the introduction of the 8:4:4 system of education in Kenya was the Mackay Commission (also known as the Presidential Working Party on the Second University).

12. The main reason why the Government of Kenya introduced Free Primary Education in 2003 was to ensure universal access to primary education for all children, increase enrollment rates, and reduce illiteracy, especially among disadvantaged populations.