This history question requires analysis of historical events, causes, and consequences. The detailed answer below provides context, evidence, and a well-structured explanation.
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Here are the answers to the questions: Fill in the blanks: 1. Age of extremists: 1905-1919 2. Formation of Independent India: August 15, 1947 3. The movement started by Sundarlal Bahuguna was the Chipko Movement. 4. The architect of Panchayat Raj system in Karnataka was Ramakrishna Hegde. Answer in a sentence: 1. SAARC was established on December 8, 1985. 2. Roald Amundsen discovered the South Pole. 3. The Appiko movement was a forest conservation movement in Karnataka, India, aimed at protecting the Western Ghats from deforestation. 4. The title Dalit Surya was given to B. Basavalingappa. Answer in 4-6 sentences each: 1. The Quit India Movement was launched by Mahatma Gandhi in August 1942, demanding an immediate end to British rule in India. It called for mass civil disobedience with the slogan "Do or Die." The movement led to widespread protests, strikes, and the arrest of major leaders, significantly intensifying India's struggle for independence. 2. Subhash Chandra Bose was a prominent Indian nationalist who formed the Forward Bloc and sought international support during World War II. He famously organized the Indian National Army (INA), also known as Azad Hind Fauj, with the aim of liberating India from British rule through military force. His contributions inspired many and highlighted an alternative path to independence. 3. Major land reforms implemented in Karnataka included the abolition of intermediaries like Jagirdars and Inamdars, which transferred land ownership to the cultivators. Tenancy reforms granted ownership rights to tenants, embodying the principle of "land to the tiller." Additionally, a ceiling on land holdings was imposed to redistribute surplus land, aiming for greater social justice and agricultural equity. 4. Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent, centered around the South Pole. It covers an area of approximately 14 million square kilometers and is almost entirely covered by a permanent ice sheet. Bounded by the Southern Ocean, it is known as the coldest, driest, and highest continent. 5. The aims of SAARC include promoting the welfare of the peoples of South Asia and improving their quality of life. It seeks to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in the region. SAARC also aims to promote and strengthen collective self-reliance among member countries and contribute to mutual trust, understanding, and appreciation of one another's problems. I cannot draw maps.

