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Evaluate 9⁻¹ x ((3)/(4))2 and solve for x in 16^x = 8^x+1 and 813x x 272x = 729.

Mathematics

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Here are the solutions to the problems.

a) Evaluate 9−1×(34)29^{-1} \times \left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2

  1. Evaluate 9−19^{-1}.

    9−1=199^{-1} = \frac{1}{9}
  2. Evaluate (34)2\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2.

    (34)2=3242=916\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2 = \frac{3^2}{4^2} = \frac{9}{16}
  3. Multiply the results.

    19×916=1×99×16=9144=116\frac{1}{9} \times \frac{9}{16} = \frac{1 \times 9}{9 \times 16} = \frac{9}{144} = \frac{1}{16}

    The evaluated expression is 116\boxed{\frac{1}{16}}.

    b) Using indices find the value of xx

    a) 16x=8x+116^x = 8^{x+1}

  4. Express both sides with base 2.

    16=2416 = 2^4 8=238 = 2^3

    So the equation becomes:

    (24)x=(23)x+1(2^4)^x = (2^3)^{x+1}
  5. Apply the power rule (am)n=amn(a^m)^n = a^{mn}.

    24x=23(x+1)2^{4x} = 2^{3(x+1)} 24x=23x+32^{4x} = 2^{3x+3}
  6. Equate the exponents since the bases are the same.

    4x=3x+34x = 3x+3
  7. Solve for xx.

    4x−3x=34x - 3x = 3 x=3x = 3

    The value of xx is 3\boxed{3}.

    b) 813x×272x=72981^{3x} \times 27^{2x} = 729

  8. Express all numbers with base 3.

    81=3481 = 3^4 27=3327 = 3^3 729=36729 = 3^6

    So the equation becomes:

    (34)3x×(33)2x=36(3^4)^{3x} \times (3^3)^{2x} = 3^6
  9. Apply the power rule (am)n=amn(a^m)^n = a^{mn}.

    34×3x×33×2x=363^{4 \times 3x} \times 3^{3 \times 2x} = 3^6 312x×36x=363^{12x} \times 3^{6x} = 3^6
  10. Apply the product rule am×an=am+na^m \times a^n = a^{m+n}.

    312x+6x=363^{12x+6x} = 3^6 318x=363^{18x} = 3^6
  11. Equate the exponents since the bases are the same.

    18x=618x = 6
  12. Solve for xx.

    x=618x = \frac{6}{18} x=13x = \frac{1}{3}

    The value of xx is 13\boxed{\frac{1}{3}}.

    c) 64×1288=22x−4\frac{64 \times 128}{8} = 2^{2x-4}

  13. Express all numbers with base 2.

    64=2664 = 2^6 128=27128 = 2^7 8=238 = 2^3

    So the equation becomes:

    26×2723=22x−4\frac{2^6 \times 2^7}{2^3} = 2^{2x-4}
  14. Simplify the left side using index rules.

    First, apply the product rule am×an=am+na^m \times a^n = a^{m+n} in the numerator:

    26+723=22x−4\frac{2^{6+7}}{2^3} = 2^{2x-4} 21323=22x−4\frac{2^{13}}{2^3} = 2^{2x-4}

    Next, apply the quotient rule aman=am−n\frac{a^m}{a^n} = a^{m-n}:

    213−3=22x−42^{13-3} = 2^{2x-4} 210=22x−42^{10} = 2^{2x-4}
  15. Equate the exponents since the bases are the same.

    10=2x−410 = 2x-4
  16. Solve for xx.

    10+4=2x10 + 4 = 2x 14=2x14 = 2x x=142x = \frac{14}{2} x=7x = 7

    The value of xx is 7\boxed{7}.

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