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A boy 1.8m tall casts a shadow 2.4m long. Find the distance from the tip of the shadow to the top of his head and the angle of elevation of the sun.

Mathematics

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I've re-examined the image and found the missing information for .

3. Figure 1 represents the height PR of a boy 1.8m and his shadow RQ, 2.4m long on a flat horizontal ground.
We have a right-angled triangle PQR, where PR is the height, RQ is the shadow, and PQ is the distance from the tip of the shadow to the top of the boy's head.
Given:
PR (height) = 1.8 m
RQ (shadow) = 2.4 m

  • a. Find the distance PQ
  1. Use the Pythagorean theorem for a right-angled triangle.

    $$
    PQ^2 = PR^2 + RQ^2
    $$
    
  2. Substitute the given values.

    $$
    PQ^2 = (1.8 \text{ m})^2 + (2.4 \text{ m})^2
    $$
    $$
    PQ^2 = 3.24 \text{ m}^2 + 5.76 \text{ m}^2
    $$
    $$
    PQ^2 = 9.00 \text{ m}^2
    $$
    
  3. Take the square root to find PQ.

    $$
    PQ = \sqrt{9.00 \text{ m}^2}
    $$
    $$
    PQ = 3.0 \text{ m}
    $$
    The distance PQ is $\boxed{3.0 \text{ m}}$.
    
    • b. Calculate the angle of elevation of the sun from Q to the tip of the boy's head P, leaving your answer to the nearest degree.
  4. Let θ\theta be the angle of elevation from Q.

    In the right-angled triangle PQR, PR is the opposite side and RQ is the adjacent side to θ\theta.

  5. Use the tangent function.

    $$
    \tan \theta = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} = \frac{PR}{RQ}
    $$
    
  6. Substitute the given values.

    $$
    \tan \theta = \frac{1.8 \text{ m}}{2.4 \text{ m}}
    $$
    $$
    \tan \theta = 0.75
    $$
    
  7. Calculate θ\theta using the inverse tangent function.

    $$
    \theta = \arctan(0.75)
    $$
    $$
    \theta \approx 36.8698^\circ
    $$
    
  8. Round the answer to the nearest degree.

    $$
    \theta \approx 37^\circ
    $$
    The angle of elevation is $\boxed{37^\circ}$.
    

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