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A) Find the equation of the circle. b) Find the equation of the normal to the circle at (3, 4).

Mathematics

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2 parts
a

(x−2)2+(y−7)2=29(x-2)^2 + (y-7)^2 = 29

b

y=−3x+13y = -3x + 13

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

Part a· 3 steps

Find the equation of the circle.

  1. Find the center of the circle.

    The center (h,k)(h, k) is the midpoint of the diameter's endpoints (−3,5)(-3, 5) and (7,9)(7, 9).

    h=−3+72=42=2h = \frac{-3+7}{2} = \frac{4}{2} = 2 k=5+92=142=7k = \frac{5+9}{2} = \frac{14}{2} = 7

    The center of the circle is (2,7)(2, 7).

  2. Find the radius of the circle.

    The radius rr is the distance from the center (2,7)(2, 7) to one of the endpoints, for example, (7,9)(7, 9).

    r=(7−2)2+(9−7)2r = \sqrt{(7-2)^2 + (9-7)^2} r=(5)2+(2)2r = \sqrt{(5)^2 + (2)^2} r=25+4r = \sqrt{25 + 4} r=29r = \sqrt{29}

    The square of the radius is r2=29r^2 = 29.

  3. Write the equation of the circle.

    The standard equation of a circle is (x−h)2+(y−k)2=r2(x-h)^2 + (y-k)^2 = r^2.
    Substituting the center (2,7)(2, 7) and r2=29r^2 = 29:

    (x−2)2+(y−7)2=29\boxed{(x-2)^2 + (y-7)^2 = 29}

Part b

y=−3x+13y = -3x + 13

Find the equation of the normal to the circle at $(3, 4)$.

A normal to a circle always passes through its center. Therefore, the normal line passes through the center (2,7)(2, 7) and the given point (3,4)(3, 4).
(Note: The point (3,4)(3, 4) is not on the circle, as (3−2)2+(4−7)2=12+(−3)2=1+9=10≠29(3-2)^2 + (4-7)^2 = 1^2 + (-3)^2 = 1+9=10 \neq 29. We will find the equation of the line passing through the center (2,7)(2, 7) and the point (3,4)(3, 4).)

  1. Find the slope of the normal line.

    Using the points (2,7)(2, 7) and (3,4)(3, 4):

    m=4−73−2=−31=−3m = \frac{4-7}{3-2} = \frac{-3}{1} = -3
  2. Write the equation of the normal line.

    Using the point-slope form y−y1=m(x−x1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1) with point (3,4)(3, 4) and slope m=−3m = -3:

    y−4=−3(x−3)y - 4 = -3(x - 3) y−4=−3x+9y - 4 = -3x + 9 y=−3x+9+4y = -3x + 9 + 4 y=−3x+13y = -3x + 13 y=−3x+13\boxed{y = -3x + 13}
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