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A grouped frequency distribution has a mean mark of 24.75 and a total of 40 students. The marks and frequencies are given in the table. Find the values of p and k.

Mathematics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Answer

p=5,k=13\mathbf{p=5, k=13}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Calculate the midpoint (xx) for each mark range.

    The midpoint of a class interval is calculated as lower limit+upper limit2\frac{\text{lower limit} + \text{upper limit}}{2}.

    MarksFrequency (ff)Midpoint (xx)fxfx
    11-15pp11+152=13\frac{11+15}{2} = 1313p13p
    16-20416+202=18\frac{16+20}{2} = 184×18=724 \times 18 = 72
    21-251121+252=23\frac{21+25}{2} = 2311×23=25311 \times 23 = 253
    26-30kk26+302=28\frac{26+30}{2} = 2828k28k
    31-35631+352=33\frac{31+35}{2} = 336×33=1986 \times 33 = 198
    36-40136+402=38\frac{36+40}{2} = 381×38=381 \times 38 = 38
  2. Form an equation using the total number of students.

    The total number of students is given as 40. The sum of the frequencies must equal 40.

    p+4+11+k+6+1=40p + 4 + 11 + k + 6 + 1 = 40 p+k+22=40p + k + 22 = 40 p+k=40−22p + k = 40 - 22 p+k=18(Equation 1)p + k = 18 \quad (\text{Equation 1})
  3. Form an equation using the mean mark.

    The mean mark is given as 24.75. The formula for the mean of a grouped frequency distribution is Mean=∑fx∑f\text{Mean} = \frac{\sum fx}{\sum f}.
    First, calculate ∑fx\sum fx:

    ∑fx=13p+72+253+28k+198+38\sum fx = 13p + 72 + 253 + 28k + 198 + 38 ∑fx=13p+28k+561\sum fx = 13p + 28k + 561

    Now, substitute this into the mean formula along with ∑f=40\sum f = 40 and Mean=24.75\text{Mean} = 24.75:

    24.75=13p+28k+5614024.75 = \frac{13p + 28k + 561}{40}

    Multiply both sides by 40:

    24.75×40=13p+28k+56124.75 \times 40 = 13p + 28k + 561 990=13p+28k+561990 = 13p + 28k + 561 13p+28k=990−56113p + 28k = 990 - 561 13p+28k=429(Equation 2)13p + 28k = 429 \quad (\text{Equation 2})
  4. Solve the system of linear equations for pp and kk.

    From Equation 1, express pp in terms of kk:

    p=18−kp = 18 - k

    Substitute this expression for pp into Equation 2:

    13(18−k)+28k=42913(18 - k) + 28k = 429 234−13k+28k=429234 - 13k + 28k = 429 234+15k=429234 + 15k = 429 15k=429−23415k = 429 - 234 15k=19515k = 195 k=19515k = \frac{195}{15} k=13k = 13

    Now substitute the value of kk back into Equation 1 to find pp:

    p+13=18p + 13 = 18 p=18−13p = 18 - 13 p=5p = 5

    The values are p=5p=5 and k=13k=13.

    The final answer is p=5,k=13\mathbf{p=5, k=13}.

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