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A man is five times as old as his son. If the son's age is y, then the man's current age is 5y. In four years' time, the product of their ages will be 340. Set up the equation for the product of their

Mathematics

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Part 22· 3 steps

A man is five times as old as his son. If the son's age is yy, then the man's current age is 5y5y.
In four years' time:
Son's age will be y+4y+4.
Man's age will be 5y+45y+4.
The product of their ages in four years will be 340.

  1. Set up the equation for the product of their ages in four years.

    (y+4)(5y+4)=340(y+4)(5y+4) = 340
  2. Expand the left side of the equation.

    y(5y)+y(4)+4(5y)+4(4)=340y(5y) + y(4) + 4(5y) + 4(4) = 340 5y2+4y+20y+16=3405y^2 + 4y + 20y + 16 = 340 5y2+24y+16=3405y^2 + 24y + 16 = 340
  3. Rearrange the equation to the form Ax2+Bx+C=0Ax^2 + Bx + C = 0.

    5y2+24y+16−340=05y^2 + 24y + 16 - 340 = 0 5y2+24y−324=05y^2 + 24y - 324 = 0

    The final answer is D. 5y2+24y−324=0\boxed{\text{D. } 5y^2 + 24y - 324 = 0}.

Part 23· 4 steps

Simplify: ab−baba−cb\frac{\frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{a}}{\frac{b}{a} - \frac{c}{b}}

  1. Simplify the numerator ab−ba\frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{a}.

    Find a common denominator, which is abab.

    ab−ba=a⋅ab⋅a−b⋅ba⋅b=a2ab−b2ab=a2−b2ab\frac{a}{b} - \frac{b}{a} = \frac{a \cdot a}{b \cdot a} - \frac{b \cdot b}{a \cdot b} = \frac{a^2}{ab} - \frac{b^2}{ab} = \frac{a^2 - b^2}{ab}
  2. Simplify the denominator ba−cb\frac{b}{a} - \frac{c}{b}.

    Find a common denominator, which is abab.

    ba−cb=b⋅ba⋅b−c⋅ab⋅a=b2ab−acab=b2−acab\frac{b}{a} - \frac{c}{b} = \frac{b \cdot b}{a \cdot b} - \frac{c \cdot a}{b \cdot a} = \frac{b^2}{ab} - \frac{ac}{ab} = \frac{b^2 - ac}{ab}
  3. Divide the simplified numerator by the simplified denominator.

    a2−b2abb2−acab\frac{\frac{a^2 - b^2}{ab}}{\frac{b^2 - ac}{ab}}

    To divide fractions, multiply the numerator by the reciprocal of the denominator.

    a2−b2ab×abb2−ac\frac{a^2 - b^2}{ab} \times \frac{ab}{b^2 - ac}
  4. Cancel out the common term abab.

    a2−b2b2−ac\frac{a^2 - b^2}{b^2 - ac}

    The final answer is D. a2−b2b2−ac\boxed{\text{D. } \frac{a^2 - b^2}{b^2 - ac}}.

Part 24· 4 steps

In the diagram, XYZXYZ is an equilateral triangle of side 6 cm6 \text{ cm}. TT is the midpoint of XYXY. Find tan⁡(∠XZT)\tan(\angle XZT).

  1. Identify properties of an equilateral triangle.

    Since △XYZ\triangle XYZ is equilateral, all sides are equal (XY=YZ=ZX=6 cmXY = YZ = ZX = 6 \text{ cm}) and all angles are 60∘60^\circ (∠X=∠Y=∠Z=60∘\angle X = \angle Y = \angle Z = 60^\circ).

  2. Determine the length of XTXT.

    TT is the midpoint of XYXY, so XT=12XY=12(6 cm)=3 cmXT = \frac{1}{2} XY = \frac{1}{2}(6 \text{ cm}) = 3 \text{ cm}.

  3. Identify properties of the line segment ZTZT.

    In an equilateral triangle, the line segment from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side is also an altitude (perpendicular to the side) and an angle bisector.
    Therefore, ZT⊥XYZT \perp XY, which means △XZT\triangle XZT is a right-angled triangle with the right angle at TT.
    Also, ZTZT bisects ∠XZY\angle XZY, so ∠XZT=12∠XZY=12(60∘)=30∘\angle XZT = \frac{1}{2} \angle XZY = \frac{1}{2}(60^\circ) = 30^\circ.

  4. Calculate tan⁡(∠XZT)\tan(\angle XZT).

    Since ∠XZT=30∘\angle XZT = 30^\circ, we need to find tan⁡(30∘)\tan(30^\circ).

    tan⁡(30∘)=13\tan(30^\circ) = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}

    This can also be rationalized as 33\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3}.

    Alternatively, using side lengths in △XZT\triangle XZT:
    We have XZ=6 cmXZ = 6 \text{ cm} (hypotenuse) and XT=3 cmXT = 3 \text{ cm} (opposite side to ∠XZT\angle XZT).
    We need to find the length of ZTZT (adjacent side to ∠XZT\angle XZT) using the Pythagorean theorem:

    ZT2+XT2=XZ2ZT^2 + XT^2 = XZ^2 ZT2+32=62ZT^2 + 3^2 = 6^2 ZT2+9=36ZT^2 + 9 = 36 ZT2=36−9ZT^2 = 36 - 9 ZT2=27ZT^2 = 27 ZT=27=9×3=33 cmZT = \sqrt{27} = \sqrt{9 \times 3} = 3\sqrt{3} \text{ cm}

    Now, calculate tan⁡(∠XZT)\tan(\angle XZT):

    tan⁡(∠XZT)=OppositeAdjacent=XTZT=333=13\tan(\angle XZT) = \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Adjacent}} = \frac{XT}{ZT} = \frac{3}{3\sqrt{3}} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}

    The final answer is A. 13\boxed{\text{A. } \frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}}.

Part 25· 3 steps

A fence 2.4 m2.4 \text{ m} tall is 10 m10 \text{ m} away from a tree of height 16 m16 \text{ m}. Calculate the angle of elevation of the top of the tree from the top of the fence.

  1. Identify the relevant lengths for the right-angled triangle.

    The horizontal distance between the fence and the tree is the adjacent side: 10 m10 \text{ m}.
    The vertical height difference from the top of the fence to the top of the tree is the opposite side.

    Vertical height difference=Height of tree−Height of fence\text{Vertical height difference} = \text{Height of tree} - \text{Height of fence} Vertical height difference=16 m−2.4 m=13.6 m\text{Vertical height difference} = 16 \text{ m} - 2.4 \text{ m} = 13.6 \text{ m}
  2. Use the tangent function to find the angle of elevation (θ\theta).

    tan⁡(θ)=OppositeAdjacent\tan(\theta) = \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Adjacent}} tan⁡(θ)=13.6 m10 m\tan(\theta) = \frac{13.6 \text{ m}}{10 \text{ m}} tan⁡(θ)=1.36\tan(\theta) = 1.36
  3. Calculate the angle θ\theta.

    θ=arctan⁡(1.36)\theta = \arctan(1.36)

    Using a calculator:

    θ≈53.679∘\theta \approx 53.679^\circ

    Rounding to two decimal places, θ≈53.68∘\theta \approx 53.68^\circ.

    The closest option is 53.67∘53.67^\circ.

    The final answer is $\boxed{B. 53.6

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