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A rectangular field with area 63 m² is to be fenced on three sides, with the fourth side being an existing wall. If 25 m of fencing are used, what are the dimensions of the field?

Mathematics

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10. (a)

  1. Define variables and set up equations.

    Let the length of the rectangular field be LL and the width be WW.
    The area of the field is A=L×W=63 m2A = L \times W = 63 \text{ m}^2.
    The fencing is for three sides: one length and two widths, as one longer side is an existing wall. So, L>WL > W.
    The total fencing used is L+2W=25 mL + 2W = 25 \text{ m}.

  2. Solve the system of equations.

    From the area equation, L=63WL = \frac{63}{W}.
    Substitute this into the fencing equation:

    63W+2W=25\frac{63}{W} + 2W = 25

    Multiply by WW to clear the denominator:

    63+2W2=25W63 + 2W^2 = 25W

    Rearrange into a quadratic equation:

    2W2−25W+63=02W^2 - 25W + 63 = 0
  3. Solve the quadratic equation for WW.

    Using the quadratic formula W=−b±b2−4ac2aW = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}:

    W=−(−25)±(−25)2−4(2)(63)2(2)W = \frac{-(-25) \pm \sqrt{(-25)^2 - 4(2)(63)}}{2(2)} W=25±625−5044W = \frac{25 \pm \sqrt{625 - 504}}{4} W=25±1214W = \frac{25 \pm \sqrt{121}}{4} W=25±114W = \frac{25 \pm 11}{4}

    Two possible values for WW:

    W1=25+114=364=9 mW_1 = \frac{25 + 11}{4} = \frac{36}{4} = 9 \text{ m} W2=25−114=144=3.5 mW_2 = \frac{25 - 11}{4} = \frac{14}{4} = 3.5 \text{ m}
  4. Find the corresponding lengths and choose the correct dimensions.

    If W=9 mW = 9 \text{ m}, then L=639=7 mL = \frac{63}{9} = 7 \text{ m}. In this case, L<WL < W, which contradicts the condition that the wall is one of the longer sides.
    If W=3.5 mW = 3.5 \text{ m}, then L=633.5=18 mL = \frac{63}{3.5} = 18 \text{ m}. In this case, L>WL > W, which satisfies the condition.
    The dimensions of the field are 18 m18 \text{ m} by 3.5 m3.5 \text{ m}.

    The dimensions of the field are 18 m by 3.5 m\boxed{18 \text{ m by } 3.5 \text{ m}}.

    10. (b)

  5. Draw a diagram and identify the trigonometric relationship.

    Let HH be the height of the building.
    Let DD be the distance from point PP to the foot of the building, D=75 mD = 75 \text{ m}.
    The angle of depression from the top of the building to point PP is 33.6∘33.6^\circ. This means the angle of elevation from point PP to the top of the building is also 33.6∘33.6^\circ.
    We have a right-angled triangle where HH is the opposite side to the angle and DD is the adjacent side.

    tan⁡(θ)=oppositeadjacent\tan(\theta) = \frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{adjacent}} tan⁡(33.6∘)=HD\tan(33.6^\circ) = \frac{H}{D}
  6. Calculate the height of the building.

    tan⁡(33.6∘)=H75\tan(33.6^\circ) = \frac{H}{75} H=75×tan⁡(33.6∘)H = 75 \times \tan(33.6^\circ)
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