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A two-digit number is such that the product of its digits is 20. When the digits are reversed, the number formed is greater than the original number by 9. Find the number.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

6 steps

Here are the answers to your questions:

  1. To find the two-digit number:
  1. Define the number using variables.

    Let the two-digit number be $10t + u$, where $t$ is the tens digit and $u$ is the units digit.
    
  2. Formulate equations based on the given conditions.

    Condition 1: The product of its digits is 20.
    $$
    t \times u = 20 \quad (1)
    $$
    Condition 2: When the digits are reversed, the number formed is greater than the original number by 9.  
    The reversed number is $10u + t$.
    $$
    10u + t = (10t + u) + 9
    $$
    $$
    10u + t = 10t + u + 9
    $$
    $$
    9u - 9t = 9
    $$
    Divide by 9:
    $$
    u - t = 1 \quad (2)
    $$
    
  3. Solve the system of equations.

    From equation (2), express $u$ in terms of $t$:
    $$
    u = t + 1
    $$
    Substitute this into equation (1):
    $$
    t(t + 1) = 20
    $$
    $$
    t^2 + t = 20
    $$
    $$
    t^2 + t - 20 = 0
    $$
    
  4. Solve the quadratic equation for tt.

    Factor the quadratic equation:
    $$
    (t + 5)(t - 4) = 0
    $$
    This gives two possible values for $t$: $t = -5$ or $t = 4$.  
    Since $t$ must be a positive digit, we take $t = 4$.
    
  5. Find the value of uu.

    Using $u = t + 1$:
    $$
    u = 4 + 1 = 5
    $$
    
  6. Form the original number.

    The number is $10t + u = 10(4) + 5 = 45$.
    
    Check: Product of digits $4 \times 5 = 20$. Reversed number is $
    
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