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Apply the logarithm property a + b = (ab).

Mathematics

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Answer

A

Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Apply the logarithm property ln⁡a+ln⁡b=ln⁡(ab)\ln a + \ln b = \ln(ab).

    The given equation is:

    ln⁡(x+3)+ln⁡(x+5)=ln⁡15\ln(x+3) + \ln(x+5) = \ln15

    Using the property, we combine the terms on the left side:

    ln⁡((x+3)(x+5))=ln⁡15\ln((x+3)(x+5)) = \ln15
  2. Equate the arguments of the logarithms.

    Since the natural logarithm is a one-to-one function, if ln⁡A=ln⁡B\ln A = \ln B, then A=BA=B.

    (x+3)(x+5)=15(x+3)(x+5) = 15
  3. Expand and solve the quadratic equation.

    Expand the left side:

    x2+5x+3x+15=15x^2 + 5x + 3x + 15 = 15 x2+8x+15=15x^2 + 8x + 15 = 15

    Subtract 15 from both sides:

    x2+8x=0x^2 + 8x = 0

    Factor out xx:

    x(x+8)=0x(x+8) = 0

    This gives two potential solutions:

    x=0orx+8=0  ⟹  x=−8x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad x+8 = 0 \implies x = -8
  4. Check the validity of the solutions based on the domain of the natural logarithm.

    For ln⁡(x+3)\ln(x+3) to be defined, x+3>0  ⟹  x>−3x+3 > 0 \implies x > -3.
    For ln⁡(x+5)\ln(x+5) to be defined, x+5>0  ⟹  x>−5x+5 > 0 \implies x > -5.
    Both conditions must be satisfied, so we need x>−3x > -3.

    Let's check our potential solutions:

    • For x=0x=0: 0>−30 > -3. This condition is satisfied. Substituting x=0x=0 into the original equation: ln⁡(0+3)+ln⁡(0+5)=ln⁡3+ln⁡5=ln⁡(3×5)=ln⁡15\ln(0+3) + \ln(0+5) = \ln3 + \ln5 = \ln(3 \times 5) = \ln15. This is correct. So, x=0x=0 is a valid solution.

    • For x=−8x=-8: −8>−3-8 > -3. This condition is NOT satisfied. Substituting x=−8x=-8 into the original equation would give ln⁡(−8+3)=ln⁡(−5)\ln(-8+3) = \ln(-5) and ln⁡(−8+5)=ln⁡(−3)\ln(-8+5) = \ln(-3), which are undefined in the set of real numbers. So, x=−8x=-8 is not a valid solution.

    Therefore, the only valid solution is x=0x=0.

  5. Select the correct option.

    Based on our analysis, the correct option is A.

    The final answer is A) x=0 only\boxed{\text{A) x=0 only}}.

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