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Basic Rules of angles

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Identify parallel lines and vertically opposite angles.

    The top and bottom lines are parallel, indicated by the double hash marks.
    The angle 8x8x is vertically opposite to the interior angle at the bottom-left vertex. Therefore, the interior angle at the bottom-left is 8x8x.
    The angle ω\omega is vertically opposite to the angle formed by the left transversal and the top parallel line. This angle is composed of xx and yy, so the interior angle at the top-left vertex is x+yx+y. Thus, ω=x+y\omega = x+y.
    The angle at the bottom-right vertex is 90∘90^\circ, indicated by the square symbol.
    The angle β\beta is vertically opposite to the interior angle at the top-right vertex. Let's call the interior angle at the top-right ZZ. So, β=Z\beta = Z.

  2. Use properties of parallel lines to find β\beta.

    Since the top and bottom lines are parallel, the consecutive interior angles on the right transversal are supplementary.

    Z+90∘=180∘Z + 90^\circ = 180^\circ Z=180∘−90∘Z = 180^\circ - 90^\circ Z=90∘Z = 90^\circ

    Since β=Z\beta = Z, we have:

    β=90∘\beta = 90^\circ
  3. Use properties of parallel lines to form an equation for xx and yy.

    The consecutive interior angles on the left transversal are supplementary.

    (x+y)+8x=180∘(x+y) + 8x = 180^\circ 9x+y=180∘(Equation 1)9x+y = 180^\circ \quad (\text{Equation 1})
  4. Use the isosceles triangle property and sum of angles in a triangle to find xx.

    The single hash marks indicate that the left slanted side and the diagonal line are equal in length. Let the top-left vertex be A, the bottom-left vertex be B, and the bottom-right vertex be C. The equal sides are AB and AC, forming an isosceles triangle ABC.
    In an isosceles triangle, the angles opposite the equal sides are equal. So, ∠ABC=∠ACB\angle ABC = \angle ACB.
    The angle ∠ABC\angle ABC is the interior angle at the bottom-left vertex, which is 8x8x.
    Therefore, ∠ACB=8x\angle ACB = 8x. This is the angle formed by the diagonal AC and the bottom parallel line BC.
    The angle ∠BAC\angle BAC is the angle labeled xx in the diagram.
    The sum of angles in triangle ABC is 180∘180^\circ:

    ∠BAC+∠ABC+∠ACB=180∘\angle BAC + \angle ABC + \angle ACB = 180^\circ x+8x+8x=180∘x + 8x + 8x = 180^\circ 17x=180∘17x = 180^\circ x=18017∘x = \frac{180}{17}^\circ
  5. Calculate yy and ω\omega.

    Substitute the value of xx into Equation 1:

    9(18017)+y=180∘9\left(\frac{180}{17}\right) + y = 180^\circ 162017+y=180∘\frac{1620}{17} + y = 180^\circ y=180∘−162017∘y = 180^\circ - \frac{1620}{17}^\circ y=180×17−162017∘y = \frac{180 \times 17 - 1620}{17}^\circ y=3060−162017∘y = \frac{3060 - 1620}{17}^\circ y=144017∘y = \frac{1440}{17}^\circ

    Now calculate ω\omega using ω=x+y\omega = x+y:

    ω=18017∘+144017∘\omega = \frac{180}{17}^\circ + \frac{1440}{17}^\circ ω=162017∘\omega = \frac{1620}{17}^\circ

    The values of the angles are:

    • x=18017∘x = \boxed{\frac{180}{17}^\circ}
    • y=144017∘y = \boxed{\frac{1440}{17}^\circ}
    • ω=162017∘\omega = \boxed{\frac{1620}{17}^\circ}
    • β=90∘\beta = \boxed{90^\circ}
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