Find the difference in longitudes between points R and Q. Calculate the distance PQ in kilometres. Find the length of the circle of latitude 40°S in kilometres.

Okay, let's continue with the solutions. My apologies for the previous cutoff.

I'll start by correcting the assumption about the radius for the first 2022 INT question and then provide the full solution for it, followed by Q6.

2022 INT Question

Assumptions for 2022 INT question:

• Point R is located on the Prime Meridian ($0^\circ$ longitude) as its longitude is not explicitly given and it lies on the central meridian shown.
• The question "Calculate the distance PQ in kilometres" in part (ii) is assumed to be a typo and refers to the distance between points R and Q (RQ), as point P is not defined in this diagram.
• For calculations in kilometres,