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Evaluate the following expressions and answer the temperature question based on the provided data.

Mathematics

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Question 5: Evaluate the following

a)

  1. Evaluate the expression inside the square brackets.

    5×3×7=15×7=1055 \times 3 \times 7 = 15 \times 7 = 105

  2. Substitute the value back into the original expression.

    (−11)−105−9(-11) - 105 - 9

  3. Perform the subtractions from left to right.

    −11−105=−116-11 - 105 = -116 −116−9=−125-116 - 9 = -125

    The value is −125\boxed{-125}.

    b)

  4. Evaluate the multiplication in the numerator.

    15×3=4515 \times 3 = 45

  5. Evaluate the expression inside the inner brackets in the numerator.

    (−12)×3=−36(-12) \times 3 = -36

  6. Evaluate the expression inside the square brackets in the numerator.

    −36+(−5)=−36−5=−41-36 + (-5) = -36 - 5 = -41

  7. Substitute these values back into the numerator.

    45+3+90−(−41)45 + 3 + 90 - (-41) 45+3+90+4145 + 3 + 90 + 41

  8. Add the numbers in the numerator.

    48+90+41=138+41=17948 + 90 + 41 = 138 + 41 = 179

  9. Divide the numerator by the denominator.

    17910=17.9\frac{179}{10} = 17.9

    The value is 17.9\boxed{17.9}.

    Question 6: The temperatures of major cities around the world on a particular day were shown in the table below.

    a) List 3 cities with the highest maximum temperatures in order, starting with the hottest.

  10. Identify the maximum temperatures from the table

    Bahrain: 39∘C39^\circ C
    Cairo: 36∘C36^\circ C
    Melbourne: 33∘C33^\circ C
    Amsterdam: 9∘C9^\circ C
    London: 9∘C9^\circ C
    New York: 7∘C7^\circ C
    Oslo: 5∘C5^\circ C
    Helsinki: 4∘C4^\circ C
    Stockholm: 3∘C3^\circ C

  11. Order the top three from highest to lowest.

    I. Bahrain
    II. Cairo
    III. Melbourne

    b) List the cities with the three minimum temperatures in order, starting with the coldest.

  12. Identify the minimum temperatures from the table

    Stockholm: −9∘C-9^\circ C
    Helsinki: −4∘C-4^\circ C
    New York: −2∘C-2^\circ C
    Oslo: −1∘C-1^\circ C
    London: 1∘C1^\circ C
    Amsterdam: 5∘C5^\circ C
    Melbourne: 19∘C19^\circ C
    Cairo: 24∘C24^\circ C
    Bahrain: 28∘C28^\circ C

  13. Order the top three from coldest to warmest.

    I. Stockholm
    II. Helsinki
    III. New York

    c) How many degrees did the temperatures rise in:
    The temperature rise is calculated as Maximum Temperature - Minimum Temperature.

    i) Cairo?

    36∘C−24∘C=12∘C36^\circ C - 24^\circ C = 12^\circ C

    The temperature rise is 12∘C\boxed{12^\circ C}.

    ii) London?

    9∘C−1∘C=8∘C9^\circ C - 1^\circ C = 8^\circ C

    The temperature rise is 8∘C\boxed{8^\circ C}.

    iii) New York?

    7∘C−(−2∘C)=7∘C+2∘C=9∘C7^\circ C - (-2^\circ C) = 7^\circ C + 2^\circ C = 9^\circ C

    The temperature rise is 9∘C\boxed{9^\circ C}.

    iv) Stockholm?

    3∘C−(−9∘C)=3∘C+9∘C=12∘C3^\circ C - (-9^\circ C) = 3^\circ C + 9^\circ C = 12^\circ C

    The temperature rise is 12∘C\boxed{12^\circ C}.

    v) Oslo?

    5∘C−(−1∘C)=5∘C+1∘C=6∘C5^\circ C - (-1^\circ C) = 5^\circ C + 1^\circ C = 6^\circ C

    The temperature rise is 6∘C\boxed{6^\circ C}.

    d) Find the minimum temperature in Helsinki the next day if it was 2∘C2^\circ C lower than the minimum shown on the table.

  14. Identify the minimum temperature for Helsinki from the table.

    Helsinki minimum: −4∘C-4^\circ C

  15. Subtract 2∘C2^\circ C from this temperature.

    −4∘C−2∘C=−6∘C-4^\circ C - 2^\circ C = -6^\circ C

    The minimum temperature in Helsinki the next day was −6∘C\boxed{-6^\circ C}.

    e) On the same day, the coldest temperature recorded worldwide was −62∘C-62^\circ C at Oimyakon in Siberia. How much was this colder than the maximum temperature in Melbourne?

  16. Identify the maximum temperature for Melbourne from the table.

    Melbourne maximum: 33∘C33^\circ C

  17. Calculate the difference between Melbourne's maximum temperature and Oimyakon's temperature.

    33∘C−(−62∘C)=33∘C+62∘C=95∘C33^\circ C - (-62^\circ C) = 33^\circ C + 62^\circ C = 95^\circ C

    Oimyakon was 95∘C\boxed{95^\circ C} colder than the maximum temperature in Melbourne.

    f) On the same day the hottest temperature recorded worldwide was 54∘C54^\circ C at Eurolaba in Western Australia. How much hotter was this than the temperature in Oimyakon?

  18. Identify the temperature in Eurolaba and Oimyakon.

    Eurolaba: 54∘C54^\circ C
    Oimyakon: −62∘C-62^\circ C

  19. Calculate the difference between Eurolaba's temperature and Oimyakon's temperature.

    54∘C−(−62∘C)=54∘C+62∘C=116∘C54^\circ C - (-62^\circ C) = 54^\circ C + 62^\circ C = 116^\circ C

    Eurolaba was 116∘C\boxed{116^\circ C} hotter than the temperature in Oimyakon.

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