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Evaluate the following limits: (a) lim x->2 (x3 - 8)/(3x2 - 2x), (b) lim x->0 (sin 3x)/(tan 5x), (c) lim x->inf (3x2+5x2+1)/(3x3-2x)

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Evaluate the limit by direct substitution.

    Substituting x=2x=2 into the expression x3−8x2−4\frac{x^3 - 8}{x^2 - 4} gives:

    23−822−4=8−84−4=00\frac{2^3 - 8}{2^2 - 4} = \frac{8 - 8}{4 - 4} = \frac{0}{0}

    This is an indeterminate form, so we need to simplify the expression.

  2. Factor the numerator and the denominator.

    The numerator is a difference of cubes: x3−8=(x−2)(x2+2x+4)x^3 - 8 = (x-2)(x^2 + 2x + 4).
    The denominator is a difference of squares: x2−4=(x−2)(x+2)x^2 - 4 = (x-2)(x+2).

  3. Rewrite the limit with the factored expressions and simplify.

    lim⁡x→2(x−2)(x2+2x+4)(x−2)(x+2)\lim_{x \to 2} \frac{(x-2)(x^2 + 2x + 4)}{(x-2)(x+2)}

    Since x→2x \to 2, x≠2x \neq 2, so x−2≠0x-2 \neq 0. We can cancel the common factor (x−2)(x-2):

    lim⁡x→2x2+2x+4x+2\lim_{x \to 2} \frac{x^2 + 2x + 4}{x+2}
  4. Substitute x=2x=2 into the simplified expression.

    22+2(2)+42+2=4+4+44=124=3\frac{2^2 + 2(2) + 4}{2+2} = \frac{4 + 4 + 4}{4} = \frac{12}{4} = 3

    The value of the limit is 3.

    3\boxed{3}
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