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Solve for x, y, w, and z in the given diagram. The angle indicated is 26 degrees.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps

Here's how to find the values of x,y,w,x, y, w, and zz using circle theorems:

  1. Find xx.

    The angle at the circumference is 26∘26^\circ. The central angle xx subtends the same arc (the arc from the top-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex). The angle subtended by an arc at the center is twice the angle subtended by the same arc at any point on the remaining part of the circle.

    x=2×26∘x = 2 \times 26^\circ x=52∘x = 52^\circ
  2. Find ww.

    Angles xx and ww are central angles that together form a full circle (360∘360^\circ).

    x+w=360∘x + w = 360^\circ 52∘+w=360∘52^\circ + w = 360^\circ w=360∘−52∘w = 360^\circ - 52^\circ w=308∘w = 308^\circ
  3. Find zz.

    The four vertices on the circle form a cyclic quadrilateral. In a cyclic quadrilateral, opposite angles sum to 180∘180^\circ. The angle zz is at the top-right vertex, and the angle 26∘26^\circ is at the bottom-left vertex. These are opposite angles.

    z+26∘=180∘z + 26^\circ = 180^\circ z=180∘−26∘z = 180^\circ - 26^\circ z=154∘z = 154^\circ
  4. Find yy.

    The angle yy is at the top-left vertex. It subtends the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the top-right vertex. The central angle subtending this arc is not directly given. However, we can use the property that angles subtended by the same arc at the circumference are equal.
    Alternatively, we can use the property that the angle at the circumference is half the central angle subtending the same arc.
    Angle yy subtends the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the top-right vertex.
    Angle zz subtends the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex.
    Let's re-examine the diagram for yy. Angle yy is at the top-left vertex. The angle opposite to yy in the cyclic quadrilateral is the angle at the bottom-right vertex. Let's call this angle α\alpha. So y+α=180∘y + \alpha = 180^\circ.
    The angle yy subtends the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the top-right vertex.
    The central angle ww is the reflex angle subtending the arc from the top-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex.
    The angle yy is at the circumference and subtends the major arc from the bottom-left vertex to the top-right vertex.
    The angle zz is at the circumference and subtends the major arc from the top-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex.
    Let's use the property that angles subtended by the same arc at the circumference are equal.
    Angle yy is at the top-left vertex. Angle zz is at the top-right vertex.
    The angle 26∘26^\circ is at the bottom-left vertex.
    The central angle xx subtends the arc from the top-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex.
    The angle zz is at the top-right vertex. It subtends the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex.
    The central angle subtending the arc from the bottom-left vertex to the bottom-right vertex is not xx or ww.

    Let's re-evaluate zz and yy based on the central angles xx and ww.
    The angle 26∘26^\circ is at the circumference and subtends the arc whose central angle is xx. So x=2×26∘=52∘x = 2 \times 26^\circ = 52^\circ.
    The angle zz is at the circumference and subtends the arc whose central angle is ww.

    z=12wz = \frac{1}{2} w z=12×308∘z = \frac{1}{2} \times 308^\circ z=154∘z = 154^\circ

    This matches the result from the cyclic quadrilateral property. This confirms the interpretation of zz.

    Now for yy. Angle yy is at the circumference. It subtends the arc whose central angle is xx.

    y=12xy = \frac{1}{2} x y=12×52∘y = \frac{1}{2} \times 52^\circ y=26∘y = 26^\circ

    Final values:
    z=154∘z = \boxed{154^\circ}
    y=26∘y = \boxed{26^\circ}
    w=308∘w = \boxed{308^\circ}
    x=52∘x = \boxed{52^\circ}

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