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Given a right-angled triangle ABC, right-angled at B:

Mathematics

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2 parts
a

390585 Ksh390585 \text{ Ksh}

b

400160 Ksh400160 \text{ Ksh}

Step-by-step solution

8 steps

Step 1: Calculate the length of BC using the Pythagorean theorem.
Given a right-angled triangle ABC, right-angled at B:
AB=13 cmAB = 13 \text{ cm}
AC=85 cmAC = 85 \text{ cm}

The Pythagorean theorem states AC2=AB2+BC2AC^2 = AB^2 + BC^2.

852=132+BC285^2 = 13^2 + BC^2 7225=169+BC27225 = 169 + BC^2 BC2=7225−169BC^2 = 7225 - 169 BC2=7056BC^2 = 7056 BC=7056BC = \sqrt{7056} BC=84 cmBC = 84 \text{ cm}

The length of BC is 84 cm\boxed{\text{84 cm}}.

Step 2: Calculate the value of angle BAC.
Let θ=∠BAC\theta = \angle BAC.
We use the tangent ratio: tan⁡(θ)=OppositeAdjacent=BCAB\tan(\theta) = \frac{\text{Opposite}}{\text{Adjacent}} = \frac{BC}{AB}.

tan⁡(θ)=8413\tan(\theta) = \frac{84}{13} tan⁡(θ)≈6.461538\tan(\theta) \approx 6.461538

To find θ\theta, we take the inverse tangent:

θ=arctan⁡(6.461538)\theta = \arctan(6.461538) θ≈81.2009∘\theta \approx 81.2009^\circ

Correct to 2 decimal places, the value of angle BAC is 81.20∘\boxed{81.20^\circ}.

Step 1: Use the trigonometric identity cos⁡A=sin⁡(90∘−A)\cos A = \sin(90^\circ - A).
Given the equation cos⁡(3x∘)=sin⁡(x−60∘)\cos(3x^\circ) = \sin(x-60^\circ).
We can rewrite cos⁡(3x∘)\cos(3x^\circ) as sin⁡(90∘−3x∘)\sin(90^\circ - 3x^\circ).
So, the equation becomes:

sin⁡(90∘−3x∘)=sin⁡(x−60∘)\sin(90^\circ - 3x^\circ) = \sin(x-60^\circ)

Step 2: Solve for xx.
For sin⁡A=sin⁡B\sin A = \sin B, the general solutions are A=B+360∘kA = B + 360^\circ k or A=180∘−B+360∘kA = 180^\circ - B + 360^\circ k, where kk is an integer.
Since xx is an acute angle (0∘<x<90∘0^\circ < x < 90^\circ), we consider the principal values.

Case 1: 90∘−3x=x−60∘90^\circ - 3x = x - 60^\circ

90∘+60∘=x+3x90^\circ + 60^\circ = x + 3x 150∘=4x150^\circ = 4x x=150∘4x = \frac{150^\circ}{4} x=37.5∘x = 37.5^\circ

This value of xx is acute. Let's verify:
cos⁡(3×37.5∘)=cos⁡(112.5∘)\cos(3 \times 37.5^\circ) = \cos(112.5^\circ)
sin⁡(37.5∘−60∘)=sin⁡(−22.5∘)\sin(37.5^\circ - 60^\circ) = \sin(-22.5^\circ)
Since cos⁡(112.5∘)=−sin⁡(22.5∘)\cos(112.5^\circ) = -\sin(22.5^\circ) and sin⁡(−22.5∘)=−sin⁡(22.5∘)\sin(-22.5^\circ) = -\sin(22.5^\circ), the equality holds.

Case 2: 90∘−3x=180∘−(x−60∘)90^\circ - 3x = 180^\circ - (x - 60^\circ)

90∘−3x=180∘−x+60∘90^\circ - 3x = 180^\circ - x + 60^\circ 90∘−3x=240∘−x90^\circ - 3x = 240^\circ - x 90∘−240∘=3x−x90^\circ - 240^\circ = 3x - x −150∘=2x-150^\circ = 2x x=−75∘x = -75^\circ

This value of xx is not acute, so it is rejected.

The value of xx is 37.5∘\boxed{37.5^\circ}.

Part a· 4 steps

Calculate the amount of money in Ksh, that she obtained after exchanging the foreign currencies.

  1. Determine the exchange rates for the businesswoman.

    The businesswoman arrived in Kenya with foreign currency (Sterling Pounds and Euros) and wants to exchange them for Kenyan Shillings (Ksh). The bank will buy her foreign currency.

    • Bank buying rate for 1 Euro = 125 Ksh
    • Bank buying rate for 1 Sterling Pound = 152 Ksh
  2. Calculate the amount obtained from Sterling Pounds.

    Amount of Sterling Pounds = 1580
    Amount in Ksh = 1580×152 Ksh1580 \times 152 \text{ Ksh}

    1580×152=239960 Ksh1580 \times 152 = 239960 \text{ Ksh}
  3. Calculate the amount obtained from Euros.

    Amount of Euros = 1205
    Amount in Ksh = 1205×125 Ksh1205 \times 125 \text{ Ksh}

    1205×125=150625 Ksh1205 \times 125 = 150625 \text{ Ksh}
  4. Calculate the total amount obtained.

    Total amount = Amount from Sterling Pounds + Amount from Euros

    239960 Ksh+150625 Ksh=390585 Ksh239960 \text{ Ksh} + 150625 \text{ Ksh} = 390585 \text{ Ksh}

    The businesswoman obtained 390585 Ksh\boxed{390585 \text{ Ksh}}.

Part b

400160 Ksh400160 \text{ Ksh}

Calculate the amount of money, in Ksh that she needed for the exchange.

  1. Determine the exchange rates for the trader.

    The trader intends to travel abroad and needs foreign currency (Euros and Sterling Pounds). The bank will sell the foreign currency to the trader.

    • Bank selling rate for 1 Euro = 128 Ksh
    • Bank selling rate for 1 Sterling Pound = 158 Ksh
  2. Calculate the cost for Euros.

    Amount of Euros needed = 1250
    Cost in Ksh = 1250×128 Ksh1250 \times 128 \text{ Ksh}

    1250×128=160000 Ksh1250 \times 128 = 160000 \text{ Ksh}
  3. Calculate the cost for Sterling Pounds.

    Amount of Sterling Pounds needed = 1520
    Cost in Ksh = 1520×158 Ksh1520 \times 158 \text{ Ksh}

    1520×158=240160 Ksh1520 \times 158 = 240160 \text{ Ksh}
  4. Calculate the total amount needed.

    Total amount needed = Cost for Euros + Cost for Sterling Pounds

    160000 Ksh+240160 Ksh=400160 Ksh160000 \text{ Ksh} + 240160 \text{ Ksh} = 400160 \text{ Ksh}

    The trader needed 400160 Ksh\boxed{400160 \text{ Ksh}}.

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