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Given F(5) = (k+2)/(4).

Mathematics

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Step 1: Determine the value of kk.
For a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a discrete random variable, the probability of the last value must be 1.
Given F(5)=k+24F(5) = \frac{k+2}{4}.

F(5)=1F(5) = 1 k+24=1\frac{k+2}{4} = 1 k+2=4k+2 = 4 k=4−2k = 4-2 k=2k = 2

This shows that k=2k=2.

Step 2: Find P(1≤X≤4)P(1 \le X \le 4) in terms of kk.
For a discrete random variable, P(a≤X≤b)P(a \le X \le b) is the sum of probabilities for XX values from aa to bb.
The given table provides the cumulative distribution function F(x)=P(X≤x)F(x) = P(X \le x).
Therefore, P(1≤X≤4)P(1 \le X \le 4) is equivalent to P(X≤4)P(X \le 4), since 1 is the smallest value XX can take.

P(1≤X≤4)=F(4)P(1 \le X \le 4) = F(4)

From the table, F(4)=k+510F(4) = \frac{k+5}{10}.

P(1≤X≤4)=k+510P(1 \le X \le 4) = \frac{k+5}{10}

Using the value of k=2k=2:

P(1≤X≤4)=2+510=710P(1 \le X \le 4) = \frac{2+5}{10} = \frac{7}{10}

Step 3: Construct the probability mass function (PMF) using k=2k=2.
The values of F(x)F(x) with k=2k=2 are:
F(1)=310F(1) = \frac{3}{10}
F(2)=2(2)+320=4+320=720F(2) = \frac{2(2)+3}{20} = \frac{4+3}{20} = \frac{7}{20}
F(4)=2+510=710F(4) = \frac{2+5}{10} = \frac{7}{10}
F(5)=2+24=44=1F(5) = \frac{2+2}{4} = \frac{4}{4} = 1

Now, calculate the individual probabilities P(X=x)P(X=x):
P(X=1)=F(1)=310P(X=1) = F(1) = \frac{3}{10}
P(X=2)=F(2)−F(1)=720−310=720−620=120P(X=2) = F(2) - F(1) = \frac{7}{20} - \frac{3}{10} = \frac{7}{20} - \frac{6}{20} = \frac{1}{20}
P(X=4)=F(4)−F(2)=710−720=1420−720=720P(X=4) = F(4) - F(2) = \frac{7}{10} - \frac{7}{20} = \frac{14}{20} - \frac{7}{20} = \frac{7}{20}
P(X=5)=F(5)−F(4)=1−710=310P(X=5) = F(5) - F(4) = 1 - \frac{7}{10} = \frac{3}{10}

The PMF is:

xxP(X=x)P(X=x)
1310\frac{3}{10}
2120\frac{1}{20}
4720\frac{7}{20}
5310\frac{3}{10}

Step 4: Calculate E(X)E(X).

E(X)=∑x⋅P(X=x)E(X) = \sum x \cdot P(X=x) E(X)=1⋅310+2⋅120+4⋅720+5⋅310E(X) = 1 \cdot \frac{3}{10} + 2 \cdot \frac{1}{20} + 4 \cdot \frac{7}{20} + 5 \cdot \frac{3}{10} E(X)=310+220+2820+1510E(X) = \frac{3}{10} + \frac{2}{20} + \frac{28}{20} + \frac{15}{10} E(X)=620+220+2820+3020E(X) = \frac{6}{20} + \frac{2}{20} + \frac{28}{20} + \frac{30}{20} E(X)=6+2+28+3020=6620=3310E(X) = \frac{6+2+28+30}{20} = \frac{66}{20} = \frac{33}{10} E(X)=3.3E(X) = 3.3

Step 5: Calculate Var(X)Var(X).
First, calculate E(X2)E(X^2):

E(X2)=∑x2⋅P(X=x)E(X^2) = \sum x^2 \cdot P(X=x)
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