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Given R(2, 2) and S(5, 4), find the vector RS, its magnitude, and its bearing.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Find the vector RS⃗\vec{RS}.

    Given points R(2,2)R(2, 2) and S(5,4)S(5, 4).
    The vector RS⃗\vec{RS} is found by subtracting the coordinates of RR from the coordinates of SS.

    RS⃗=S−R=(5−2,4−2)=(3,2)\vec{RS} = S - R = (5-2, 4-2) = (3, 2)
  2. Calculate the magnitude of RS⃗\vec{RS} (part i).

    The magnitude of a vector (x,y)(x, y) is given by the formula x2+y2\sqrt{x^2 + y^2}.
    Here, x=3x=3 and y=2y=2.

    ∣RS⃗∣=32+22|\vec{RS}| = \sqrt{3^2 + 2^2} ∣RS⃗∣=9+4|\vec{RS}| = \sqrt{9 + 4} ∣RS⃗∣=13|\vec{RS}| = \sqrt{13}

    The magnitude kk is 13\sqrt{13}.

  3. Calculate the bearing θ\theta (part ii).

    The vector RS⃗=(3,2)\vec{RS} = (3, 2) is in the first quadrant.
    Let α\alpha be the angle the vector makes with the positive x-axis (East).

    tan⁡α=vertical componenthorizontal component=23\tan \alpha = \frac{\text{vertical component}}{\text{horizontal component}} = \frac{2}{3} α=arctan⁡(23)\alpha = \arctan\left(\frac{2}{3}\right) α≈33.69∘\alpha \approx 33.69^\circ

    Bearing is measured clockwise from the North direction (positive y-axis).
    Since the vector is in the first quadrant, the bearing θ\theta is 90∘−α90^\circ - \alpha.

    θ=90∘−33.69∘\theta = 90^\circ - 33.69^\circ θ=56.31∘\theta = 56.31^\circ

    Rounding to one decimal place, θ≈56.3∘\theta \approx 56.3^\circ.
    As a 3-digit bearing, this is 056.3∘056.3^\circ.

  4. Express RS⃗\vec{RS} in the form (k,θ)(k, \theta).

    From Step 2, k=13k = \sqrt{13}.
    From Step 3, θ≈056.3∘\theta \approx 056.3^\circ.

    i) The magnitude of RS⃗\vec{RS} is 13\boxed{\sqrt{13}}.

    ii) Express RS⃗\vec{RS} in the form (k,θ)(k, \theta): (13,056.3∘)\boxed{(\sqrt{13}, 056.3^\circ)}.

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