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Given the graph of y = f'(x), determine: (a) the gradient of the tangent to f(x) at x=0; (b) the value of x where f(x) has a tangent parallel to the tangent at x=0; (c) the intervals where f(x) is dec

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

5 steps
  1. Solve part (a).

    The gradient of the tangent to the graph of f(x)f(x) is given by its derivative, f′(x)f'(x). We need to find the value of f′(x)f'(x) at x=0x=0 from the given graph of y=f′(x)y=f'(x).
    From the graph, when x=0x=0, the value of y=f′(x)y=f'(x) is 2.

    f′(0)=2f'(0) = 2

    The gradient of the tangent to the graph of f(x)f(x) at x=0x=0 is 2\boxed{2}.

  2. Solve part (b).

    A tangent to the curve f(x)f(x) will be parallel to the tangent in (a) if it has the same gradient, which is 2. We need to find another value of xx where f′(x)=2f'(x)=2.
    Looking at the graph, the parabola y=f′(x)y=f'(x) is symmetric. The xx-intercepts are at x=−1x=-1 and x=5x=5, so the axis of symmetry is at x=−1+52=2x = \frac{-1+5}{2} = 2.
    Since f′(0)=2f'(0)=2, by symmetry, f′(x)f'(x) will also be 2 at x=2+(2−0)=4x = 2 + (2-0) = 4.
    So, f′(4)=2f'(4)=2.
    The value of xx for which there will be a tangent to the curve f(x)f(x) parallel to the tangent in (a) is 4\boxed{4}.

  3. Solve part (c).

    The function f(x)f(x) is decreasing when its derivative f′(x)f'(x) is negative (f′(x)<0f'(x) < 0).
    From the graph, f′(x)f'(x) is below the x-axis for x<−1x < -1 and for x>5x > 5.
    So, f(x)f(x) is decreasing for x<−1 or x>5\boxed{x < -1 \text{ or } x > 5}.

  4. Solve part (d).

    Turning points of f(x)f(x) occur where f′(x)=0f'(x) = 0.
    From the graph, f′(x)=0f'(x)=0 at x=−1x=-1 and x=5x=5.

    • At x=−1x=-1: f′(x)f'(x) changes from negative to positive. This indicates a local minimum.
    • At x=5x=5: f′(x)f'(x) changes from positive to negative. This indicates a local maximum. The xx-coordinates of the turning points of f(x)f(x) are x=−1 (local minimum) and x=5 (local maximum)\boxed{x=-1 \text{ (local minimum)} \text{ and } x=5 \text{ (local maximum)}}.
  5. Solve part (e).

    To draw the graph of f(x)f(x), we use the following information:

    • xx-intercepts of f(x)f(x): −2,2,7-2, 2, 7.
    • Local minimum at x=−1x=-1.
    • Local maximum at x=5x=5.
    • f(x)f(x) is decreasing for x<−1x < -1.
    • f(x)f(x) is increasing for −1<x<5-1 < x < 5.
    • f(x)f(x) is decreasing for x>5x > 5.

    Based on this, the graph of f(x)f(x) would be a cubic function with the following characteristics:

    1. It starts from positive infinity, decreasing until it crosses the x-axis at x=−2x=-2.
    2. It continues decreasing to reach a local minimum at x=−1x=-1.
    3. It then increases, crossing the x-axis at x=2x=2.
    4. It continues increasing to reach a local maximum at x=5x=5.
    5. Finally, it decreases, crossing the x-axis at x=7x=7 and continuing towards negative infinity.

    The sketch would show a curve that starts high, dips to a minimum, rises to a maximum, and then falls. The xx-intercepts and turning points are consistent with this shape.

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