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If the first term of a G.P is 10 and the sum of the infinite terms is 20. Find the sum of the first 6 terms of the G.P.

Mathematics

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Answer

31516\frac{315}{16}

Step-by-step solution

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Here is the explanation for the sequence and series question on Page 7:

1. If the first term of a G.P is 10 and the sum of the infinite terms is 20. Find the sum of the first 6 terms of the G.P.

  • Understanding the problem: We are given the first term (aa) and the sum to infinity (S∞S_\infty) of a Geometric Progression (GP). We need to find the sum of the first 6 terms (S6S_6). To do this, we first need to find the common ratio (rr) using the sum to infinity formula, and then use the sum of the first nn terms formula.
  1. Write down the given information.

    The first term is a=10a = 10.
    The sum of the infinite terms is S∞=20S_\infty = 20.

  2. Use the formula for the sum to infinity of a GP to find the common ratio (rr).

    The formula for the sum to infinity of a GP is S∞=a1−rS_\infty = \frac{a}{1-r}, provided that ∣r∣<1|r| < 1.
    Substitute the given values into the formula:

    20=101−r20 = \frac{10}{1-r}

    To solve for 1−r1-r, multiply both sides by (1−r)(1-r) and divide by 20:

    1−r=10201-r = \frac{10}{20} 1−r=121-r = \frac{1}{2}

    Now, solve for rr:

    r=1−12r = 1 - \frac{1}{2} r=12r = \frac{1}{2}

    Since ∣r∣=∣12∣<1|r| = \left|\frac{1}{2}\right| < 1, this value of rr is valid for an infinite sum.

  3. Find the sum of the first 6 terms (S6S_6).

    The formula for the sum of the first nn terms of a GP is Sn=a(1−rn)1−rS_n = \frac{a(1 - r^n)}{1 - r}. We use this form because ∣r∣<1|r| < 1.
    We have a=10a=10, r=12r=\frac{1}{2}, and we want to find S6S_6, so n=6n=6.
    Substitute these values into the formula:

    S6=10(1−(12)6)1−12S_6 = \frac{10 \left(1 - \left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^6\right)}{1 - \frac{1}{2}}

    First, calculate (12)6\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^6:

    (12)6=1626=164\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^6 = \frac{1^6}{2^6} = \frac{1}{64}

    Next, calculate the denominator 1−121 - \frac{1}{2}:

    1−12=121 - \frac{1}{2} = \frac{1}{2}

    Now substitute these back into the S6S_6 formula:

    S6=10(1−164)12S_6 = \frac{10 \left(1 - \frac{1}{64}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}}

    Calculate the term in the parenthesis:

    1−164=6464−164=63641 - \frac{1}{64} = \frac{64}{64} - \frac{1}{64} = \frac{63}{64}

    Substitute this back:

    S6=10(6364)12S_6 = \frac{10 \left(\frac{63}{64}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}}

    To simplify, we can multiply by the reciprocal of the denominator:

    S6=10×6364×2S_6 = 10 \times \frac{63}{64} \times 2 S6=10×63×264S_6 = \frac{10 \times 63 \times 2}{64} S6=126064S_6 = \frac{1260}{64}

    Simplify the fraction by dividing both numerator and denominator by their greatest common divisor, which is 4:

    S6=1260÷464÷4S_6 = \frac{1260 \div 4}{64 \div 4} S6=31516S_6 = \frac{315}{16}

    The sum of the first 6 terms is 31516\boxed{\frac{315}{16}}.

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