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If x2+x-2 is a factor of f(x)=2x3+9x2+mx−n, find the values of m and n.

Mathematics

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Answer

m=3,n=14m=3, n=14

Step-by-step solution

3 steps

To find the values of mm and nn, we will use the Factor Theorem. If x2+x−2x^2 + x - 2 is a factor of f(x)f(x), then the roots of x2+x−2=0x^2 + x - 2 = 0 must also be roots of f(x)=0f(x) = 0.

  1. Find the roots of the factor x2+x−2x^2 + x - 2.

    We factorize the quadratic expression:

    x2+x−2=0x^2 + x - 2 = 0 (x+2)(x−1)=0(x+2)(x-1) = 0

    The roots are x=−2x = -2 and x=1x = 1.

  2. Apply the Factor Theorem.

    Since x=−2x=-2 and x=1x=1 are roots, we must have f(−2)=0f(-2) = 0 and f(1)=0f(1) = 0.
    The polynomial is f(x)=2x3+9x2+mx−nf(x) = 2x^3 + 9x^2 + mx - n.

    For x=1x=1:

    f(1)=2(1)3+9(1)2+m(1)−n=0f(1) = 2(1)^3 + 9(1)^2 + m(1) - n = 0 2+9+m−n=02 + 9 + m - n = 0 11+m−n=011 + m - n = 0 m−n=−11(Equation 1)m - n = -11 \quad \text{(Equation 1)}

    For x=−2x=-2:

    f(−2)=2(−2)3+9(−2)2+m(−2)−n=0f(-2) = 2(-2)^3 + 9(-2)^2 + m(-2) - n = 0 2(−8)+9(4)−2m−n=02(-8) + 9(4) - 2m - n = 0 −16+36−2m−n=0-16 + 36 - 2m - n = 0 20−2m−n=020 - 2m - n = 0 −2m−n=−20-2m - n = -20 2m+n=20(Equation 2)2m + n = 20 \quad \text{(Equation 2)}
  3. Solve the system of linear equations for mm and nn.

    We have the system:

    1. m−n=−11m - n = -11
    2. 2m+n=202m + n = 20

    Add Equation 1 and Equation 2:

    (m−n)+(2m+n)=−11+20(m - n) + (2m + n) = -11 + 20 3m=93m = 9 m=93m = \frac{9}{3} m=3m = 3

    Substitute the value of m=3m=3 into Equation 1:

    3−n=−113 - n = -11 −n=−11−3-n = -11 - 3 −n=−14-n = -14 n=14n = 14

    The values are m=3m=3 and n=14n=14.

    The final answer is m=3,n=14m=3, n=14.

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