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Evaluate the integral integral 5 x 4 x \,dx.

Mathematics

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Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Rewrite the integrand using the identity sin⁡2x=1−cos⁡2x\sin^2 x = 1 - \cos^2 x.

    Since the power of sin⁡x\sin x is odd, we can separate one sin⁡x\sin x term and express the remaining even power of sin⁡x\sin x in terms of cos⁡x\cos x.

    ∫sin⁡5xcos⁡4x dx=∫sin⁡4xcos⁡4xsin⁡x dx\int \sin^5 x \cos^4 x \,dx = \int \sin^4 x \cos^4 x \sin x \,dx =∫(sin⁡2x)2cos⁡4xsin⁡x dx= \int (\sin^2 x)^2 \cos^4 x \sin x \,dx =∫(1−cos⁡2x)2cos⁡4xsin⁡x dx= \int (1 - \cos^2 x)^2 \cos^4 x \sin x \,dx
  2. Perform a u-substitution.

    Let u=cos⁡xu = \cos x.
    Then, the differential du=−sin⁡x dxdu = -\sin x \,dx.
    This means sin⁡x dx=−du\sin x \,dx = -du.

    Substitute uu and dudu into the integral:

    ∫(1−u2)2u4(−du)\int (1 - u^2)^2 u^4 (-du) =−∫(1−2u2+u4)u4 du= -\int (1 - 2u^2 + u^4) u^4 \,du =−∫(u4−2u6+u8) du= -\int (u^4 - 2u^6 + u^8) \,du
  3. Integrate term by term.

    =−(u4+14+1−2u6+16+1+u8+18+1)+C= - \left( \frac{u^{4+1}}{4+1} - 2\frac{u^{6+1}}{6+1} + \frac{u^{8+1}}{8+1} \right) + C =−(u55−2u77+u99)+C= - \left( \frac{u^5}{5} - \frac{2u^7}{7} + \frac{u^9}{9} \right) + C =−u55+2u77−u99+C= -\frac{u^5}{5} + \frac{2u^7}{7} - \frac{u^9}{9} + C
  4. Substitute back u=cos⁡xu = \cos x.

    =−cos⁡5x5+2cos⁡7x7−cos⁡9x9+C= -\frac{\cos^5 x}{5} + \frac{2\cos^7 x}{7} - \frac{\cos^9 x}{9} + C

    The final answer is −cos⁡5x5+2cos⁡7x7−cos⁡9x9+C\boxed{-\frac{\cos^5 x}{5} + \frac{2\cos^7 x}{7} - \frac{\cos^9 x}{9} + C}.

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