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Solve the logarithmic equation: x + (2x − 5) = 3

Mathematics

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Answer

3

Step-by-step solution

5 steps

let's solve this logarithmic equation.

Given the equation:

log⁡x+log⁡(2x−5)=log⁡3\log x + \log(2x - 5) = \log 3
  1. Apply the product rule of logarithms, log⁡a+log⁡b=log⁡(ab)\log a + \log b = \log (ab), to the left side of the equation.

    log⁡(x(2x−5))=log⁡3\log (x(2x - 5)) = \log 3
  2. Since log⁡A=log⁡B\log A = \log B implies A=BA = B, equate the arguments of the logarithms.

    x(2x−5)=3x(2x - 5) = 3
  3. Expand the left side and rearrange the equation into a standard quadratic form ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0.

    2x2−5x=32x^2 - 5x = 3 2x2−5x−3=02x^2 - 5x - 3 = 0
  4. Solve the quadratic equation.

    We can use factoring or the quadratic formula. Let's factor. We need two numbers that multiply to 2×(−3)=−62 \times (-3) = -6 and add to −5-5. These numbers are −6-6 and 1.

    2x2−6x+x−3=02x^2 - 6x + x - 3 = 0 2x(x−3)+1(x−3)=02x(x - 3) + 1(x - 3) = 0 (2x+1)(x−3)=0(2x + 1)(x - 3) = 0

    This gives two possible solutions for xx:

    2x+1=0  ⟹  2x=−1  ⟹  x=−122x + 1 = 0 \implies 2x = -1 \implies x = -\frac{1}{2} x−3=0  ⟹  x=3x - 3 = 0 \implies x = 3
  5. Check the validity of the solutions.

    The argument of a logarithm must be positive.
    For x=−12x = -\frac{1}{2}:
    The term log⁡x\log x becomes log⁡(−12)\log \left(-\frac{1}{2}\right), which is undefined for real numbers. So, x=−12x = -\frac{1}{2} is not a valid solution.

    For x=3x = 3:
    The term log⁡x\log x becomes log⁡3\log 3, which is valid.
    The term log⁡(2x−5)\log(2x - 5) becomes log⁡(2(3)−5)=log⁡(6−5)=log⁡1\log(2(3) - 5) = \log(6 - 5) = \log 1, which is valid.
    Therefore, x=3x = 3 is the only valid solution.

    The value of xx is 3\boxed{3}.

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