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Find the measure of each interior and exterior angle of a regular hexagon and a regular octagon.

Mathematics

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  1. Find the measure of each interior and exterior angle of:

    • i) a regular hexagon A regular hexagon has n=6n=6 sides.
  1. Calculate the measure of each interior angle.

        The formula for each interior angle of a regular polygon is $\frac{(n-2) \times 180^\circ}{n}$.
        $$
        \text{Interior angle} = \frac{(6-2) \times 180^\circ}{6} = \frac{4 \times 180^\circ}{6} = \frac{720^\circ}{6} = 120^\circ
        $$
    
  2. Calculate the measure of each exterior angle.

        The formula for each exterior angle of a regular polygon is $\frac{360^\circ}{n}$.
        $$
        \text{Exterior angle} = \frac{360^\circ}{6} = 60^\circ
        $$
        Alternatively, the exterior angle is $180^\circ - \text{interior angle}$.
        $$
        \text{Exterior angle} = 180^\circ - 120^\circ = 60^\circ
        $$
        **Answer:** Each interior angle is $\boxed{120^\circ}$ and each exterior angle is $\boxed{60^\circ}$.
    
    *   **ii) a regular octagon**
        A regular octagon has $n=8$ sides.
    
  3. Calculate the measure of each interior angle.

        $$
        \text{Interior angle} = \frac{(8-2) \times 180^\circ}{8} = \frac{6 \times 180^\circ}{8} = \frac{1080^\circ}{8} = 135^\circ
        $$
    
  4. Calculate the measure of each exterior angle.

        $$
        \text{Exterior angle} = \frac{360^\circ}{8} = 45^\circ
        $$
        Alternatively, the exterior angle is $180^\circ - \text{interior angle}$.
        $$
        \text{Exterior angle} = 180^\circ - 135^\circ = 45^\circ
        $$
        **Answer:** Each interior angle is $\boxed{135^\circ}$ and each exterior angle is $\boxed{45^\circ}$.
    

    2. What is the sum of each interior and its corresponding exterior angle of the above two regular polygons? The sum of an interior angle and its corresponding exterior angle at any vertex of a polygon is always 180∘180^\circ. * For a regular hexagon: 120∘+60∘=180∘ 120^\circ + 60^\circ = 180^\circ * For a regular octagon: 135∘+45∘=180∘ 135^\circ + 45^\circ = 180^\circ Answer: The sum of each interior and its corresponding exterior angle for both polygons is 180∘\boxed{180^\circ}.

    1. A Mathematics teacher gave a group work for students to construct a convex regular polygon with one of the interior angle measures 135∘135^\circ. What is the name of this polygon?
  5. Find the measure of each exterior angle.

    The sum of an interior angle and its corresponding exterior angle is $180^\circ$.
    $$
    \text{Exterior angle} = 180^\circ - \text{Interior angle} = 180^\circ - 135^\circ = 45^\circ
    $$
    
  6. Find the number of sides (nn) of the polygon.

    The formula for each exterior angle of a regular polygon is $\frac{360^\circ}{n}$.
    $$
    45^\circ = \frac{360^\circ}{n}
    $$
    $$
    n = \frac{360^\circ}{45^\circ} = 8
    $$
    
  7. Name the polygon.

    A polygon with 8 sides is an octagon.  
    **Answer:** The name of this polygon is a regular $\boxed{\text{octagon}}$.
    

    4. For n-sided regular polygon, the measure of each interior angle is 5 times the measure of each exterior angle. What is the number of sides of this polygon? Let II be the interior angle and EE be the exterior angle.

  8. Set up equations based on the given information.

    We are given $I = 5E$.  
    We also know that $I + E = 180^\circ$.
    
  9. Solve for the exterior angle EE.

    Substitute $I = 5E$ into the second equation:
    $$
    5E + E = 180^\circ
    $$
    $$
    6E = 180^\circ
    $$
    $$
    E = \frac{180^\circ}{6} = 30^\circ
    $$
    
  10. Find the number of sides (nn).

    The formula for each exterior angle of a regular polygon is $E = \frac{360^\circ}{n}$.
    $$
    30^\circ = \frac{360^\circ}{n}
    $$
    $$
    n = \frac{360^\circ}{30^\circ} = 12
    $$
    **Answer:** The number of sides of this polygon is $\boxed{12}$.
    

    5. The diagram shows a regular hexagon and a regular octagon. Calculate the size of the angle marked xx.

  11. Find the interior angle of the regular hexagon.

    From question 1 i), the interior angle of a regular hexagon is $120^\circ$.
    
  12. Find the interior angle of the regular octagon.

    From question 1 ii), the interior angle of a regular octagon is $135^\circ$.
    
  13. Calculate angle xx.

    The angles around a point sum to $360^\circ$. The angle $x$ along with the interior angles of the hexagon and octagon form a complete circle at their common vertex.
    $$
    120^\circ + 135^\circ + x = 360^\circ
    $$
    $$
    255^\circ + x = 360^\circ
    $$
    $$
    x = 360^\circ - 255^\circ
    $$
    $$
    x = 105^\circ
    $$
    **Answer:** The size of the angle marked $x$ is $\boxed{105^\circ}$.
    
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