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Problem 1: Differentiation If y=(x2+1)sqrt(x)e2x, x>1, find (dy)/(dx). Problem 2: Integration Evaluate I=integral(x2 x)/((1+x2)2)dx.

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: Differentiation
Given y=(x2+1)ln⁡xe3xy = \frac{(x^2+1)\sqrt{\ln x}}{e^{3x}}, find dydx\frac{dy}{dx}.

  1. Take the natural logarithm of both sides and simplify using logarithm properties.

    ln⁡y=ln⁡((x2+1)ln⁡xe3x)\ln y = \ln \left( \frac{(x^2+1)\sqrt{\ln x}}{e^{3x}} \right) ln⁡y=ln⁡(x2+1)+ln⁡(ln⁡x)−ln⁡(e3x)\ln y = \ln(x^2+1) + \ln(\sqrt{\ln x}) - \ln(e^{3x}) ln⁡y=ln⁡(x2+1)+12ln⁡(ln⁡x)−3x\ln y = \ln(x^2+1) + \frac{1}{2}\ln(\ln x) - 3x
  2. Differentiate both sides with respect to xx.

    1ydydx=ddx(ln⁡(x2+1))+ddx(12ln⁡(ln⁡x))−ddx(3x)\frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{d}{dx}(\ln(x^2+1)) + \frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{1}{2}\ln(\ln x)\right) - \frac{d}{dx}(3x) 1ydydx=2xx2+1+12⋅1ln⁡x⋅1x−3\frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{2x}{x^2+1} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\ln x} \cdot \frac{1}{x} - 3 1ydydx=2xx2+1+12xln⁡x−3\frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{2x}{x^2+1} + \frac{1}{2x\ln x} - 3
  3. Solve for dydx\frac{dy}{dx} by multiplying by yy and substituting the original expression for yy.

    dydx=y(2xx2+1+12xln⁡x−3)\frac{dy}{dx} = y \left( \frac{2x}{x^2+1} + \frac{1}{2x\ln x} - 3 \right) dydx=(x2+1)ln⁡xe3x(2xx2+1+12xln⁡x−3)\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{(x^2+1)\sqrt{\ln x}}{e^{3x}} \left( \frac{2x}{x^2+1} + \frac{1}{2x\ln x} - 3 \right)

    The final answer is dydx=(x2+1)ln⁡xe3x(2xx2+1+12xln⁡x−3)\boxed{\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{(x^2+1)\sqrt{\ln x}}{e^{3x}} \left( \frac{2x}{x^2+1} + \frac{1}{2x\ln x} - 3 \right)}.

    : Integration
    Evaluate I=∫x3ln⁡x(1+x4)2dxI = \int \frac{x^3 \ln x}{(1+x^4)^2} dx.

  4. Use integration by parts, ∫u dv=uv−∫v du\int u \, dv = uv - \int v \, du.

    Let u=ln⁡xu = \ln x and dv=x3(1+x4)2dxdv = \frac{x^3}{(1+x^4)^2} dx.

  5. Calculate dudu and vv.

    du=1xdxdu = \frac{1}{x} dx

    To find vv, integrate dvdv:

    v=∫x3(1+x4)2dxv = \int \frac{x^3}{(1+x^4)^2} dx

    Let w=1+x4w = 1+x^4, so dw=4x3dx  ⟹  x3dx=14dwdw = 4x^3 dx \implies x^3 dx = \frac{1}{4} dw.

    v=∫1w2⋅14dw=14∫w−2dw=14(w−1−1)=−14wv = \int \frac{1}{w^2} \cdot \frac{1}{4} dw = \frac{1}{4} \int w^{-2} dw = \frac{1}{4} \left( \frac{w^{-1}}{-1} \right) = -\frac{1}{4w}

    Substitute w=1+x4w = 1+x^4 back:

    v=−14(1+x4)v = -\frac{1}{4(1+x^4)}
  6. Apply the integration by parts formula.

    I=(ln⁡x)(−14(1+x4))−∫(−14(1+x4))(1xdx)I = (\ln x) \left(-\frac{1}{4(1+x^4)}\right) - \int \left(-\frac{1}{4(1+x^4)}\right) \left(\frac{1}{x} dx\right) I=−ln⁡x4(1+x4)+14∫1x(1+x4)dxI = -\frac{\ln x}{4(1+x^4)} + \frac{1}{4} \int \frac{1}{x(1+x^4)} dx
  7. Evaluate the remaining integral ∫1x(1+x4)dx\int \frac{1}{x(1+x^4)} dx.

    Multiply the numerator and denominator by x3x^3:

    ∫x3x4(1+x4)dx\int \frac{x^3}{x^4(1+x^4)} dx

    Let t=x4t = x^4, so dt=4x3dx  ⟹  x3dx=14dtdt = 4x^3 dx \implies x^3 dx = \frac{1}{4} dt.
    The integral becomes:

    14∫1t(1+t)dt\frac{1}{4} \int \frac{1}{t(1+t)} dt

    Use partial fractions for 1t(1+t)\frac{1}{t(1+t)}:

    1t(1+t)=At+B1+t\frac{1}{t(1+t)} = \frac{A}{t} + \frac{B}{1+t} 1=A(1+t)+Bt1 = A(1+t) + Bt

    Setting t=0  ⟹  A=1t=0 \implies A=1. Setting t=−1  ⟹  B=−1t=-1 \implies B=-1.
    So, 1t(1+t)=1t−11+t\frac{1}{t(1+t)} = \frac{1}{t} - \frac{1}{1+t}.

    14∫(1t−11+t)dt=14(ln⁡∣t∣−ln⁡∣1+t∣)+C′=14ln⁡∣t1+t∣+C′\frac{1}{4} \int \left( \frac{1}{t} - \frac{1}{1+t} \right) dt = \frac{1}{4} (\ln|t| - \ln|1+t|) + C' = \frac{1}{4} \ln\left|\frac{t}{1+t}\right| + C'

    Substitute t=x4t=x^4 back (assuming x>0x>0):

    14ln⁡(x41+x4)+C′\frac{1}{4} \ln\left(\frac{x^4}{1+x^4}\right) + C'
  8. Combine the results to get the final integral.

    I=−ln⁡x4(1+x4)+14(14ln⁡(x41+x4))+CI = -\frac{\ln x}{4(1+x^4)} + \frac{1}{4} \left( \frac{1}{4} \ln\left(\frac{x^4}{1+x^4}\right) \right) + C I=−ln⁡x4(1+x4)+116ln⁡(x41+x4)+CI = -\frac{\ln x}{4(1+x^4)} + \frac{1}{16} \ln\left(\frac{x^4}{1+x^4}\right) + C

    The final answer is I=−ln⁡x4(1+x4)+116ln⁡(x41+x4)+C\boxed{I = -\frac{\ln x}{4(1+x^4)} + \frac{1}{16} \ln\left(\frac{x^4}{1+x^4}\right) + C}.

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