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Problems involving similar triangles and prism volume calculations.

Mathematics

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  1. Identify similar triangles.

    Since ABAB is parallel to CDCD, triangles △ATB\triangle ATB and △DTC\triangle DTC are similar.
    This means that the ratio of corresponding sides is equal.

    ATTD=BTTC\frac{AT}{TD} = \frac{BT}{TC}
  2. Use the given ratio and total length.

    We are given AT:TD=1:3AT : TD = 1 : 3, so ATTD=13\frac{AT}{TD} = \frac{1}{3}.
    Therefore, BTTC=13\frac{BT}{TC} = \frac{1}{3}.
    This implies TC=3×BTTC = 3 \times BT.

    We are also given that CB=12CB = 12 cm.
    We know that CB=BT+TCCB = BT + TC.
    Substitute TC=3×BTTC = 3 \times BT into the equation:

    BT+3×BT=12BT + 3 \times BT = 12 4×BT=124 \times BT = 12
  3. Calculate the length of TBTB.

    BT=124BT = \frac{12}{4} BT=3 cmBT = 3 \text{ cm}

    The length of TBTB is 3 cm\boxed{\text{3 cm}}.

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  4. Calculate the area of the equilateral triangle cross-section.

    The formula for the area of an equilateral triangle with side ss is A=34s2A = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}s^2.
    Given side s=3s = 3 cm.

    A=34(3)2A = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}(3)^2 A=34(9)A = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}(9) A=934 cm2A = \frac{9\sqrt{3}}{4} \text{ cm}^2
  5. Calculate the volume of the prism.

    The volume of a prism is given by the formula V=Area of cross-section×LengthV = \text{Area of cross-section} \times \text{Length}.
    Given length =25= 25 cm.

    V=934×25V = \frac{9\sqrt{3}}{4} \times 25 V=22534 cm3V = \frac{225\sqrt{3}}{4} \text{ cm}^3

    As a decimal, V≈225×1.732054≈389.711254≈97.4278 cm3V \approx \frac{225 \times 1.73205}{4} \approx \frac{389.71125}{4} \approx 97.4278 \text{ cm}^3.
    The volume of the prism is 22534 cm3 or approximately 97.43 cm3\boxed{\frac{225\sqrt{3}}{4} \text{ cm}^3 \text{ or approximately } 97.43 \text{ cm}^3}.

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  6. Find the prime factorization of each capacity.

    We need to find the greatest common divisor (GCD) of 36, 84, and 90.

    36=2×18=2×2×9=22×3236 = 2 \times 18 = 2 \times 2 \times 9 = 2^2 \times 3^2 84=2×42=2×2×21=22×3×784 = 2 \times 42 = 2 \times 2 \times 21 = 2^2 \times 3 \times 7 90=2×45=2×3×15=2×3×3×5=2×32×590 = 2 \times 45 = 2 \times 3 \times 15 = 2 \times 3 \times 3 \times 5 = 2 \times 3^2 \times 5
  7. Identify the common prime factors and their lowest powers.

    The common prime factors are 2 and 3.
    The lowest power of 2 present in all factorizations is 212^1.
    The lowest power of 3 present in all factorizations is 313^1.

  8. Multiply the common prime factors with their lowest powers.

    GCD(36,84,90)=21×31=2×3=6\text{GCD}(36, 84, 90) = 2^1 \times 3^1 = 2 \times 3 = 6

    The capacity of the greatest vessel is 6 litres\boxed{6 \text{ litres}}.

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