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Recognize this as an inverse proportion problem. More boys will take less time to load the same amount of cement.

Mathematics

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20. 2 boys can load a lorry of cement in 6hrs. How long will it take 5 such boys to load the same lorry of cement?

  1. Recognize this as an inverse proportion problem.

    More boys will take less time to load the same amount of cement.
    Let BB be the number of boys and TT be the time in hours.
    The product B×TB \times T is constant.

    B1T1=B2T2B_1 T_1 = B_2 T_2
  2. Substitute the given values.

    B1=2B_1 = 2 boys, T1=6T_1 = 6 hours
    B2=5B_2 = 5 boys, T2=?T_2 = ?

    2×6=5×T22 \times 6 = 5 \times T_2
  3. Solve for T2T_2.

    12=5T212 = 5 T_2 T2=125T_2 = \frac{12}{5} T2=2.4T_2 = 2.4

    It will take 5 boys 2.4 hours\boxed{\text{2.4 hours}} to load the same lorry of cement.

    21. A tank of water of capacity 5000 litres serves a family for 16 days. How long will it take a water tank of 8000 litres to serve the same family?

  4. Recognize this as a direct proportion problem.

    A larger capacity tank will serve the family for more days.
    Let CC be the capacity in litres and DD be the number of days.
    The ratio CD\frac{C}{D} is constant.

    C1D1=C2D2\frac{C_1}{D_1} = \frac{C_2}{D_2}
  5. Substitute the given values.

    C1=5000C_1 = 5000 litres, D1=16D_1 = 16 days
    C2=8000C_2 = 8000 litres, D2=?D_2 = ?

    500016=8000D2\frac{5000}{16} = \frac{8000}{D_2}
  6. Solve for D2D_2.

    5000D2=8000×165000 D_2 = 8000 \times 16 5000D2=1280005000 D_2 = 128000 D2=1280005000D_2 = \frac{128000}{5000} D2=1285D_2 = \frac{128}{5} D2=25.6D_2 = 25.6

    A water tank of 8000 litres will serve the same family for 25.6 days\boxed{\text{25.6 days}}.

    22. 9 men working at the same rate and working 8 hrs in a day take 12 days to complete a given task. How long will it take six such men working 10 hrs in a day to complete the same task?

  7. Recognize this as a compound proportion problem.

    The total work done is constant.
    Let MM be the number of men, HH be the hours worked per day, and DD be the number of days.
    The total work units can be represented as M×H×DM \times H \times D.

    M1H1D1=M2H2D2M_1 H_1 D_1 = M_2 H_2 D_2
  8. Substitute the given values.

    M1=9M_1 = 9 men, H1=8H_1 = 8 hours/day, D1=12D_1 = 12 days
    M2=6M_2 = 6 men, H2=10H_2 = 10 hours/day, D2=?D_2 = ?

    9×8×12=6×10×D29 \times 8 \times 12 = 6 \times 10 \times D_2
  9. Calculate the total work units for the first scenario.

    9×8×12=72×12=8649 \times 8 \times 12 = 72 \times 12 = 864
  10. Set up the equation for the second scenario and solve for D2D_2.

    864=60D2864 = 60 D_2 D2=86460D_2 = \frac{864}{60} D2=14410D_2 = \frac{144}{10} D2=14.4D_2 = 14.4

    It will take six men working 10 hours a day 14.4 days\boxed{\text{14.4 days}} to complete the same task.

    23. What is the order of the matrix below?

    (7−1−2394)\begin{pmatrix} 7 & -1 \\ -2 & 3 \\ 9 & 4 \end{pmatrix}
  11. Count the number of rows.

    There are 3 rows.

  12. Count the number of columns.

    There are 2 columns.

  13. State the order as (number of rows) ×\times (number of columns).

    The order of the matrix is 3×2\boxed{3 \times 2}.

    24. Are the matrices below compatible?

    (2349)−(39−2464138)\begin{pmatrix} 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 9 \end{pmatrix} - \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 9 & -2 \\ 4 & 6 & 4 \\ 1 & 3 & 8 \end{pmatrix}
  14. Determine the order of the first matrix.

    It has 2 rows and 2 columns, so its order is 2×22 \times 2.

  15. Determine the order of the second matrix.

    It has 3 rows and 3 columns, so its order is 3×33 \times 3.

  16. Check for compatibility for subtraction.

    For matrix addition or subtraction, the matrices must have the exact same order. Since the orders (2×22 \times 2 and 3×33 \times 3) are different, the matrices are not compatible for subtraction.

    The matrices are not compatible\boxed{\text{not compatible}}.

    25. Work out

    (663−7410)+(0916−2−8)\begin{pmatrix} 6 & 6 \\ 3 & -7 \\ 4 & 10 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} 0 & 9 \\ 1 & 6 \\ -2 & -8 \end{pmatrix}
  17. Perform matrix addition by adding corresponding elements.

    (6+06+93+1−7+64+(−2)10+(−8))\begin{pmatrix} 6+0 & 6+9 \\ 3+1 & -7+6 \\ 4+(-2) & 10+(-8) \end{pmatrix}
  18. Simplify each element.

    (6154−122)\begin{pmatrix} 6 & 15 \\ 4 & -1 \\ 2 & 2 \end{pmatrix}

    The result of the addition is (6154−122)\boxed{\begin{pmatrix} 6 & 15 \\ 4 & -1 \\ 2 & 2 \end{pmatrix}}.

    26. Given A=B−CA=B-C and

    A=(2034−17639)A = \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 0 & 3 \\ 4 & -1 & 7 \\ 6 & 3 & 9 \end{pmatrix} B=(369−104426)B = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 6 & 9 \\ -1 & 0 & 4 \\ 4 & 2 & 6 \end{pmatrix}
  19. Rearrange the equation to solve for CC.

    Given A=B−CA = B - C, we can write C=B−AC = B - A.

  20. Substitute the given matrices AA and BB into the equation for CC.

    C=(369−104426)−(2034−17639)C = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 6 & 9 \\ -1 & 0 & 4 \\ 4 & 2 & 6 \end{pmatrix} - \begin{pmatrix} 2 & 0 & 3 \\ 4 & -1 & 7 \\ 6 & 3 & 9 \end{pmatrix}
  21. Perform matrix subtraction by subtracting corresponding elements.

    C=(3−26−09−3−1−40−(−1)4−74−62−36−9)C = \begin{pmatrix} 3-2 & 6-0 & 9-3 \\ -1-4 & 0-(-1) & 4-7 \\ 4-6 & 2-3 & 6-9 \end{pmatrix}
  22. Simplify each element.

    C=(166−51−3−2−1−3)C = \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 6 & 6 \\ -5 & 1 & -3 \\ -2 & -1 & -3 \end{pmatrix}

    The matrix CC is (166−51−3−2−1−3)\boxed{\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 6 & 6 \\ -5 & 1 & -3 \\ -2 & -1 & -3 \end{pmatrix}}.

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