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Simplify the following complex number expressions: a) (5+j4)(3+j7)(2-j3) b) ((2-j3)(3+j2))/((4-j3))

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3 parts
a

115 + j133\text{115 + j133}

b

6325+j1625\frac{63}{25} + j\frac{16}{25}

c

cos⁡2x+jsin⁡2x\cos 2x + j\sin 2x

Step-by-step solution

11 steps

Here are the simplifications for each expression:

Part a· 2 steps

Simplify (5+j4)(3+j7)(2−j3)(5+j4)(3+j7)(2-j3)

  1. Multiply the first two complex numbers.

    (5+j4)(3+j7)=5(3)+5(j7)+j4(3)+j4(j7)(5+j4)(3+j7) = 5(3) + 5(j7) + j4(3) + j4(j7) =15+j35+j12+j228= 15 + j35 + j12 + j^2 28

    Since j2=−1j^2 = -1:

    =15+j47−28= 15 + j47 - 28 =−13+j47= -13 + j47
  2. Multiply the result by the third complex number.

    (−13+j47)(2−j3)=−13(2)−13(−j3)+j47(2)+j47(−j3)(-13+j47)(2-j3) = -13(2) -13(-j3) + j47(2) + j47(-j3) =−26+j39+j94−j2141= -26 + j39 + j94 - j^2 141

    Since j2=−1j^2 = -1:

    =−26+j133+141= -26 + j133 + 141 =115+j133= 115 + j133

    The simplified expression is 115 + j133\boxed{\text{115 + j133}}.

Part b

6325+j1625\frac{63}{25} + j\frac{16}{25}

Simplify (2−j3)(3+j2)(4−j3)\frac{(2-j3)(3+j2)}{(4-j3)}

  1. Simplify the numerator by multiplying the complex numbers.

    (2−j3)(3+j2)=2(3)+2(j2)−j3(3)−j3(j2)(2-j3)(3+j2) = 2(3) + 2(j2) - j3(3) - j3(j2) =6+j4−j9−j26= 6 + j4 - j9 - j^2 6

    Since j2=−1j^2 = -1:

    =6−j5+6= 6 - j5 + 6 =12−j5= 12 - j5
  2. Divide the result from Step 1 by the denominator.

    To do this, multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator (4+j3)(4+j3).

    12−j54−j3=(12−j5)(4+j3)(4−j3)(4+j3)\frac{12-j5}{4-j3} = \frac{(12-j5)(4+j3)}{(4-j3)(4+j3)}
  3. Expand the numerator.

    (12−j5)(4+j3)=12(4)+12(j3)−j5(4)−j5(j3)(12-j5)(4+j3) = 12(4) + 12(j3) - j5(4) - j5(j3) =48+j36−j20−j215= 48 + j36 - j20 - j^2 15

    Since j2=−1j^2 = -1:

    =48+j16+15= 48 + j16 + 15 =63+j16= 63 + j16
  4. Expand the denominator.

    (4−j3)(4+j3)=42−(j3)2(4-j3)(4+j3) = 4^2 - (j3)^2 =16−j29= 16 - j^2 9

    Since j2=−1j^2 = -1:

    =16−(−9)= 16 - (-9) =16+9= 16 + 9 =25= 25
  5. Combine the simplified numerator and denominator.

    63+j1625=6325+j1625\frac{63+j16}{25} = \frac{63}{25} + j\frac{16}{25}

    The simplified expression is 6325+j1625\boxed{\frac{63}{25} + j\frac{16}{25}}.

Part c

cos⁡2x+jsin⁡2x\cos 2x + j\sin 2x

Simplify cos⁡3x+jsin⁡3xcos⁡x+jsin⁡x\frac{\cos 3x + j\sin 3x}{\cos x + j\sin x}

  1. Apply Euler's formula, ejθ=cos⁡θ+jsin⁡θe^{j\theta} = \cos \theta + j\sin \theta, to both the numerator and the denominator.

    cos⁡3x+jsin⁡3x=ej3x\cos 3x + j\sin 3x = e^{j3x} cos⁡x+jsin⁡x=ejx\cos x + j\sin x = e^{jx}
  2. Substitute these into the expression.

    ej3xejx\frac{e^{j3x}}{e^{jx}}
  3. Use the property of exponents aman=am−n\frac{a^m}{a^n} = a^{m-n}.

    ej3x−jx=ej(3x−x)=ej2xe^{j3x - jx} = e^{j(3x-x)} = e^{j2x}
  4. Convert the result back to rectangular form using Euler's formula.

    ej2x=cos⁡2x+jsin⁡2xe^{j2x} = \cos 2x + j\sin 2x

    The simplified expression is cos⁡2x+jsin⁡2x\boxed{\cos 2x + j\sin 2x}.

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