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Prove that if two angles of one triangle are equal to two angles of another triangle, then the ratio of the sides including these angles are equal.

Mathematics

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Answer

PQST=PRSU\frac{PQ}{ST} = \frac{PR}{SU}

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Identify the given information.

    We are given two triangles, △PQR\triangle PQR and △STU\triangle STU.
    We are also given that two pairs of corresponding angles are equal:

    P^=S^\hat{P} = \hat{S} Q^=T^\hat{Q} = \hat{T}
  2. Prove the similarity of the triangles.

    If two angles of one triangle are equal to two angles of another triangle, then the third angles must also be equal (since the sum of angles in a triangle is 180∘180^\circ). This means the triangles are similar.

    In △PQR\triangle PQR and △STU\triangle STU:

    1. P^=S^\hat{P} = \hat{S} (Given)
    2. Q^=T^\hat{Q} = \hat{T} (Given)
    3. R^=U^\hat{R} = \hat{U} (Sum of angles in a triangle)

    Therefore, △PQR∼△STU\triangle PQR \sim \triangle STU (Angle-Angle-Angle similarity criterion).

  3. State the proportionality of corresponding sides.

    When two triangles are similar, the ratio of their corresponding sides is equal.
    The corresponding sides are:

    • PQ corresponds to ST (opposite R^\hat{R} and U^\hat{U})
    • PR corresponds to SU (opposite Q^\hat{Q} and T^\hat{T})
    • QR corresponds to TU (opposite P^\hat{P} and S^\hat{S})

    So, we can write the ratios of corresponding sides:

    PQST=PRSU=QRTU\frac{PQ}{ST} = \frac{PR}{SU} = \frac{QR}{TU}
  4. Conclude the required statement.

    From the proportionality of corresponding sides, we can directly state the required theorem:

    PQST=PRSU\frac{PQ}{ST} = \frac{PR}{SU}
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