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The curve C has equation y²-4y-4x-12. (a) Find the coordinates of point A at which C meets the x-axis. (b) Show that the equation can be written in the form (y−2)²=4(x−2). (c) Show that a point Q with coordinates (2+r²;2+2r) lies on C. (d) Find the equation of the tangent at A.

Mathematics

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Answers

2 parts
a
(-3, 0)
d

x+y=3x + y = 3

Graph of y = −x + 3

Use the left and right arrow keys to trace the curve, up and down to jump between key points, and plus and minus to zoom.

Key points of y = −x + 3
Pointxy
y-intercept03
x-intercept30

Step-by-step solution

12 steps

Here's the solution for question 17:

Part a· 2 steps

Find the coordinates of point A at which C meets the x-axis.

The curve C has the equation y2−4y−4x−12=0y^2 - 4y - 4x - 12 = 0.
When the curve meets the x-axis, the yy-coordinate is 0.

  1. Substitute y=0y=0 into the equation.

    02−4(0)−4x−12=00^2 - 4(0) - 4x - 12 = 0 −4x−12=0-4x - 12 = 0
  2. Solve for xx.

    −4x=12-4x = 12 x=12−4x = \frac{12}{-4} x=−3x = -3

    The coordinates of point A are (−3,0)\boxed{(-3, 0)}.

Part b· 3 steps

By completing the square or otherwise, show that the equation of the curve can be written in the form (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2).

The given equation is y2−4y−4x−12=0y^2 - 4y - 4x - 12 = 0.

  1. Rearrange the terms to group yy terms and move xx and constant terms to the right side.

    y2−4y=4x+12y^2 - 4y = 4x + 12
  2. Complete the square for the yy terms.

    Add (−42)2=(−2)2=4\left(\frac{-4}{2}\right)^2 = (-2)^2 = 4 to both sides.

    y2−4y+4=4x+12+4y^2 - 4y + 4 = 4x + 12 + 4 (y−2)2=4x+16(y-2)^2 = 4x + 16
  3. Factor out 4 from the right side.

    (y−2)2=4(x+4)(y-2)^2 = 4(x+4)

    This result, (y−2)2=4(x+4)(y-2)^2 = 4(x+4), is not in the form (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2). There is an inconsistency in the question. The given equation y2−4y−4x−12=0y^2 - 4y - 4x - 12 = 0 does not transform into (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2). It transforms into (y−2)2=4(x+4)(y-2)^2 = 4(x+4). For the equation to be (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2), the original equation should have been y2−4y−4x+12=0y^2 - 4y - 4x + 12 = 0.
    For parts (c) and (d), we will assume the intended equation of the curve is (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2) as implied by the "show that" part.

Part c· 3 steps

Show that a point Q with coordinates (2+r2,2+2r)(2+r^2, 2+2r), where rr is any real number, lies on C.

We use the intended equation of the curve: (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2).
Substitute the coordinates of Q, x=2+r2x = 2+r^2 and y=2+2ry = 2+2r, into the equation.

  1. Substitute y=2+2ry = 2+2r into the left side (LHS) of the equation.

    LHS=(y−2)2=((2+2r)−2)2=(2r)2=4r2\text{LHS} = (y-2)^2 = ((2+2r)-2)^2 = (2r)^2 = 4r^2
  2. Substitute x=2+r2x = 2+r^2 into the right side (RHS) of the equation.

    RHS=4(x−2)=4((2+r2)−2)=4(r2)=4r2\text{RHS} = 4(x-2) = 4((2+r^2)-2) = 4(r^2) = 4r^2
  3. Compare LHS and RHS.

    Since LHS = RHS (4r2=4r24r^2 = 4r^2), the point Q with coordinates (2+r2,2+2r)(2+r^2, 2+2r) lies on the curve C.

Part d

x+y=3x + y = 3

Find the equation of the tangent at A.

Based on the inconsistency noted in part (b), we assume the curve C is (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2) for this part. Therefore, point A is (3,0)(3,0) (as derived from this equation in the thought process).

  1. Determine the coordinates of point A for the curve (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2).

    Set y=0y=0: (0−2)2=4(x−2)  ⟹  4=4(x−2)  ⟹  1=x−2  ⟹  x=3(0-2)^2 = 4(x-2) \implies 4 = 4(x-2) \implies 1 = x-2 \implies x=3.
    So, point A is (3,0)(3,0).

  2. Differentiate the equation of the curve implicitly with respect to xx to find dydx\frac{dy}{dx}.

    The equation is (y−2)2=4(x−2)(y-2)^2 = 4(x-2).
    Differentiating both sides:

    2(y−2)dydx=4(1)2(y-2) \frac{dy}{dx} = 4(1) 2(y−2)dydx=42(y-2) \frac{dy}{dx} = 4 dydx=42(y−2)\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{4}{2(y-2)} dydx=2y−2\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{2}{y-2}
  3. Calculate the gradient of the tangent at point A $(3,0)$.

    Substitute y=0y=0 into the derivative:

    m=dydx∣A(3,0)=20−2=2−2=−1m = \left.\frac{dy}{dx}\right|_{A(3,0)} = \frac{2}{0-2} = \frac{2}{-2} = -1

    The gradient of the tangent at A is −1-1.

  4. Use the point-slope form of a line, y−y1=m(x−x1)y - y_1 = m(x - x_1), to find the equation of the tangent.

    Using point A (3,0)(3,0) and gradient m=−1m=-1:

    y−0=−1(x−3)y - 0 = -1(x - 3) y=−x+3y = -x + 3

    The equation of the tangent at A is x+y=3\boxed{x + y = 3}.

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