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The figures in the table below are the ages, to the nearest year, of a random sample of 30 people negotiating a mortgage in a bank. Use the data below to answer the questions that follow.

Mathematics

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Question 1

First, sort the given data in ascending order:
110,125,128,129,129,130,131,133,139,142,143,147,151,152,153,162,162,165110, 125, 128, 129, 129, 130, 131, 133, 139, 142, 143, 147, 151, 152, 153, 162, 162, 165.
There are n=18n=18 data points.

1.1 Represent the data on a stem and leaf diagram.

  1. Identify stems (tens and hundreds digits) and leaves (units digits).

    StemLeaf110125 8 9 9130 1 3 9142 3 7151 2 3162 2 5\begin{array}{c|l} \text{Stem} & \text{Leaf} \\ \hline 11 & 0 \\ 12 & 5 \ 8 \ 9 \ 9 \\ 13 & 0 \ 1 \ 3 \ 9 \\ 14 & 2 \ 3 \ 7 \\ 15 & 1 \ 2 \ 3 \\ 16 & 2 \ 2 \ 5 \\ \end{array}

    Key: 11 ∣ 0=110 cm11 \ | \ 0 = 110 \text{ cm}

    1.2 Determine the:

    1.2.1 Median

  2. Since there are n=18n=18 data points (an even number), the median is the average of the (n2)th(\frac{n}{2})^{th} and (n2+1)th(\frac{n}{2}+1)^{th} values.

    The median is the average of the 9th9^{th} and 10th10^{th} values.

    Median=9th value+10th value2\text{Median} = \frac{9^{th} \text{ value} + 10^{th} \text{ value}}{2} Median=139+1422\text{Median} = \frac{139 + 142}{2} Median=2812\text{Median} = \frac{281}{2} Median=140.5 cm\text{Median} = \boxed{140.5 \text{ cm}}

    1.2.2 Mode

  3. Identify the value(s) that appear most frequently in the data set.

    The values 129 and 162 each appear twice, which is more than any other value.

    Mode=129 cm and 162 cm\text{Mode} = \boxed{129 \text{ cm and } 162 \text{ cm}}

    1.2.3 Lower quartile and the upper quartile

  4. Calculate the lower quartile (Q1Q_1).

    This is the median of the lower half of the data.
    The lower half consists of the first 9 values: 110,125,128,129,129,130,131,133,139110, 125, 128, 129, 129, 130, 131, 133, 139.
    Q1Q_1 is the (9+12)th=5th\left(\frac{9+1}{2}\right)^{th} = 5^{th} value of this lower half.

    Q1=129 cmQ_1 = \boxed{129 \text{ cm}}
  5. Calculate the upper quartile (Q3Q_3).

    This is the median of the upper half of the data.
    The upper half consists of the last 9 values: 142,143,147,151,152,153,162,162,165142, 143, 147, 151, 152, 153, 162, 162, 165.
    Q3Q_3 is the (9+12)th=5th\left(\frac{9+1}{2}\right)^{th} = 5^{th} value of this upper half.

    Q3=152 cmQ_3 = \boxed{152 \text{ cm}}

    1.2.4 Mean

  6. Sum all the data values.

    ∑x=110+125+128+129+129+130+131+133+139+142+143+147+151+152+153+162+162+165=2521\sum x = 110+125+128+129+129+130+131+133+139+142+143+147+151+152+153+162+162+165 = 2521
  7. Divide the sum by the number of data points (n=18n=18).

    Mean=∑xn=252118\text{Mean} = \frac{\sum x}{n} = \frac{2521}{18} Mean≈140.0555...\text{Mean} \approx 140.0555... Mean=140.06 cm (rounded to two decimal places)\text{Mean} = \boxed{140.06 \text{ cm}} \text{ (rounded to two decimal places)}

    Question 2

    The given data for ages are:
    29,26,31,42,38,45,35,37,38,38,36,39,49,40,32,32,34,27,56,29,33,31,33,52,44,32,30,38,42,3329, 26, 31, 42, 38, 45, 35, 37, 38, 38, 36, 39, 49, 40, 32, 32, 34, 27, 56, 29, 33, 31, 33, 52, 44, 32, 30, 38, 42, 33.
    There are N=30N=30 data points.

    2.1 Complete the frequency table.

  8. Tally the data for each age interval.

    • For 25≤x<3325 \le x < 33: 29,26,31,32,32,27,29,31,32,3029, 26, 31, 32, 32, 27, 29, 31, 32, 30 (10 values)
    • For 33≤x<4133 \le x < 41: 38,35,37,38,38,36,39,40,34,33,33,38,3338, 35, 37, 38, 38, 36, 39, 40, 34, 33, 33, 38, 33 (13 values)
    • For 41≤x<4941 \le x < 49: 42,45,44,4242, 45, 44, 42 (4 values)
    • For 49≤x<5749 \le x < 57: 49,56,5249, 56, 52 (3 values)
  9. Fill in the frequency table.

    AGE INTERVALSTALLYFREQUENCY25≤x<33|||| ||||1033≤x<41|||| |||| |||1341≤x<49||||449≤x<57|||3\begin{array}{|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{AGE INTERVALS} & \textbf{TALLY} & \textbf{FREQUENCY} \\ \hline 25 \le x < 33 & \text{|||| ||||} & 10 \\ \hline 33 \le x < 41 & \text{|||| |||| |||} & 13 \\ \hline 41 \le x < 49 & \text{||||} & 4 \\ \hline 49 \le x < 57 & \text{|||} & 3 \\ \hline \end{array}

    2.2 Use the information from the frequency table to draw a histogram.

    2.3 Draw a frequency polygon on the grid provided in the SPECIAL ANSWER SHEET.

    These parts require a special answer sheet with a grid, which is not provided here. Therefore, these cannot be completed in this format.

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