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The set is K = \1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11\. (a) List the prime numbers in K. (b) Calculate the probability of selecting a non-prime number from K. (c) Factorize (x+y)(2m-n) - m(x+y).

Mathematics

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4 steps
  1. Solve part (a)(i) by listing prime numbers.

    The set K={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11}K = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11\}.
    A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.
    The prime numbers in set KK are:

    • 2 (divisors: 1, 2)
    • 3 (divisors: 1, 3)
    • 5 (divisors: 1, 5)
    • 7 (divisors: 1, 7)
    • 11 (divisors: 1, 11)

    The list of prime numbers in KK is {2,3,5,7,11}\boxed{\{2, 3, 5, 7, 11\}}.

  2. Solve part (a)(ii) by finding the probability of selecting a non-prime number.

    Total number of elements in set KK is 11.
    From part (a)(i), the number of prime numbers in KK is 5.
    The number of non-prime numbers in KK is the total number of elements minus the number of prime numbers:

    Number of non-prime numbers=11−5=6\text{Number of non-prime numbers} = 11 - 5 = 6

    The probability of selecting a non-prime number is the ratio of the number of non-prime numbers to the total number of elements:

    P(not prime)=Number of non-prime numbersTotal number of elements=611P(\text{not prime}) = \frac{\text{Number of non-prime numbers}}{\text{Total number of elements}} = \frac{6}{11}

    The probability is 611\boxed{\frac{6}{11}}.

  3. Factorize the expression in part (b).

    The expression is (x+y)(2m−n)−m(x+y)(x+y)(2m-n) - m(x+y).
    Notice that (x+y)(x+y) is a common factor in both terms. We can factor it out:

    (x+y)(2m−n)−m(x+y)=(x+y)[(2m−n)−m](x+y)(2m-n) - m(x+y) = (x+y) \left[ (2m-n) - m \right]

    Now, simplify the terms inside the square brackets:

    (x+y)(2m−n−m)(x+y) (2m - n - m)

    Combine the mm terms:

    (x+y)(m−n)(x+y) (m - n)

    The completely factorized expression is (x+y)(m−n)\boxed{(x+y)(m-n)}.

  4. Calculate the amount earned by the typist in part (c).

    The typist typed a total of 35 sheets.
    The charge for the first 8 sheets is GH¢ 68.00.
    The number of additional sheets is the total sheets minus the first 8 sheets:

    Additional sheets=35−8=27 sheets\text{Additional sheets} = 35 - 8 = 27 \text{ sheets}

    The charge for each additional sheet is GH¢ 11.00.
    The cost for the additional sheets is:

    Cost for additional sheets=27×GH¢ 11.00=GH¢ 297.00\text{Cost for additional sheets} = 27 \times \text{GH¢ } 11.00 = \text{GH¢ } 297.00

    The total amount earned is the sum of the charge for the first 8 sheets and the charge for the additional sheets:

    Total amount earned=GH¢ 68.00+GH¢ 297.00=GH¢ 365.00\text{Total amount earned} = \text{GH¢ } 68.00 + \text{GH¢ } 297.00 = \text{GH¢ } 365.00

    The total amount earned is GH¢ 365.00\boxed{\text{GH¢ } 365.00}.

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