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The student is provided with three questions: 1. The price of a loaf of bread last week was x. This week, the price rose by 20%. Determine the price of the loaf after the increase. 2. Four men takes x

Mathematics

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Question 1:
The price of a loaf of bread last week was xx. This week, the price rose by 20%. Determine the price of the loaf after the increase.

  1. Express the percentage increase as a decimal.

    20%=20100=0.2020\% = \frac{20}{100} = 0.20
  2. Calculate the amount of the increase.

    Increase=0.20×x=0.2x\text{Increase} = 0.20 \times x = 0.2x
  3. Add the increase to the original price to find the new price.

    New Price=x+0.2x=1.2x\text{New Price} = x + 0.2x = 1.2x

    The price of the loaf after the increase is 1.2x\boxed{\text{1.2x}}.


    Question 2:
    Four men takes xx days to paint a room. How long will it take 16 men working at the same rate to paint the room?

  4. Set up the inverse proportion relationship.

    The total work (men ×\times days) remains constant.

    M1D1=M2D2M_1 D_1 = M_2 D_2

    Here, M1=4M_1 = 4 men, D1=xD_1 = x days, M2=16M_2 = 16 men. We need to find D2D_2.

  5. Substitute the known values into the equation.

    4×x=16×D24 \times x = 16 \times D_2
  6. Solve for D2D_2.

    4x=16D24x = 16 D_2 D2=4x16D_2 = \frac{4x}{16} D2=x4D_2 = \frac{x}{4}

    It will take 16 men x4 days\boxed{\text{}\frac{x}{4}\text{ days}}.


    Question 3:
    Write 0.009 in standard form.

  7. Move the decimal point to the right until the number is between 1 and 10.

    0.009→90.009 \to 9

    The decimal point moved 3 places to the right.

  8. Since the original number was less than 1, the exponent will be negative.

    0.009=9×10−30.009 = 9 \times 10^{-3}

    In standard form, 0.009 is 9×10−3\boxed{\text{9} \times \text{10}^{-3}\text{}}.


    Question 4:
    Simplify the following expression: 7x−79x−9\frac{7x-7}{9x-9}

  9. Factor out the common term from the numerator.

    7x−7=7(x−1)7x - 7 = 7(x-1)
  10. Factor out the common term from the denominator.

    9x−9=9(x−1)9x - 9 = 9(x-1)
  11. Rewrite the expression with the factored terms and simplify by canceling the common factor (x−1)(x-1).

    7(x−1)9(x−1)=79\frac{7(x-1)}{9(x-1)} = \frac{7}{9}

    The simplified expression is 79\boxed{\text{}\frac{7}{9}\text{}}.


    Question 5:
    The figure at the right is a sketch of a piece of land. The lengths are in meters.

    a) Write and simplify an algebraic expression for perimeter of the land.

    b) If the shortest side is 9 m, what is the perimeter of the land?

    The figure shows a right-angled triangle with legs xx and x+6x+6.

    a) Write and simplify an algebraic expression for perimeter of the land.

  12. Find the length of the hypotenuse using the Pythagorean theorem.

    Let the hypotenuse be hh.

    h2=x2+(x+6)2h^2 = x^2 + (x+6)^2 h2=x2+(x2+12x+36)h^2 = x^2 + (x^2 + 12x + 36) h2=2x2+12x+36h^2 = 2x^2 + 12x + 36 h=2x2+12x+36h = \sqrt{2x^2 + 12x + 36}
  13. Write the expression for the perimeter by summing the lengths of all three sides.

    Perimeter=x+(x+6)+2x2+12x+36\text{Perimeter} = x + (x+6) + \sqrt{2x^2 + 12x + 36}
  14. Simplify the expression for the perimeter.

    Perimeter=2x+6+2x2+12x+36\text{Perimeter} = 2x + 6 + \sqrt{2x^2 + 12x + 36}

    The algebraic expression for the perimeter is 2x + 6 + 2x2+ 12x + 36 meters\boxed{\text{2x + 6 + }\sqrt{\text{2x}^2 \text{+ 12x + 36}}\text{ meters}}.

    b) If the shortest side is 9 m, what is the perimeter of the land?

  15. Identify the shortest side.

    The sides are xx, x+6x+6, and 2x2+12x+36\sqrt{2x^2 + 12x + 36}. Since xx is a length, x>0x > 0.
    Comparing xx and x+6x+6, xx is clearly shorter. The hypotenuse is always the longest side in a right triangle.
    So, the shortest side is xx.

  16. Set the shortest side equal to 9 m.

    x=9x = 9
  17. Substitute x=9x=9 into the perimeter expression from part (a).

    Perimeter=2(9)+6+2(9)2+12(9)+36\text{Perimeter} = 2(9) + 6 + \sqrt{2(9)^2 + 12(9) + 36} Perimeter=18+6+2(81)+108+36\text{Perimeter} = 18 + 6 + \sqrt{2(81) + 108 + 36} Perimeter=24+162+108+36\text{Perimeter} = 24 + \sqrt{162 + 108 + 36} Perimeter=24+306\text{Perimeter} = 24 + \sqrt{306}
  18. Calculate the numerical value of the perimeter.

    306≈17.4928\sqrt{306} \approx 17.4928 Perimeter≈24+17.4928\text{Perimeter} \approx 24 + 17.4928 Perimeter≈41.4928\text{Perimeter} \approx 41.4928

    The perimeter of the land is approximately 41.49 meters\boxed{\text{41.49 meters}}.

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