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The vector a = (5, 7) and b = (m, 3) such that 3a + 2b = (n, 26). Find the values of m and n.

Mathematics

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The vectors are given as:
a=(27)a = \begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix}
b=(m−3)b = \begin{pmatrix} m \\ -3 \end{pmatrix}
c=(5n)c = \begin{pmatrix} 5 \\ n \end{pmatrix}

The vector equation is a+2b=ca + 2b = c. Find the values of m and n.

  1. Write the given vector equation.

    a+2b=ca + 2b = c
  2. Substitute the given column vectors into the equation.

    (27)+2(m−3)=(5n)\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix} + 2 \begin{pmatrix} m \\ -3 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 5 \\ n \end{pmatrix}
  3. Perform the scalar multiplication.

    Multiply each component of vector bb by 2:

    2(m−3)=(2m2×(−3))=(2m−6)2 \begin{pmatrix} m \\ -3 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2m \\ 2 \times (-3) \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 2m \\ -6 \end{pmatrix}
  4. Perform the vector addition.

    Substitute the result back into the equation and add the corresponding components:

    (27)+(2m−6)=(5n)\begin{pmatrix} 2 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix} + \begin{pmatrix} 2m \\ -6 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 5 \\ n \end{pmatrix} (2+2m7+(−6))=(5n)\begin{pmatrix} 2 + 2m \\ 7 + (-6) \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 5 \\ n \end{pmatrix} (2+2m1)=(5n)\begin{pmatrix} 2 + 2m \\ 1 \end{pmatrix} = \begin{pmatrix} 5 \\ n \end{pmatrix}
  5. Equate the corresponding components.

    For the vectors to be equal, their x-components must be equal and their y-components must be equal.
    From the x-components:

    2+2m=52 + 2m = 5

    From the y-components:

    1=n1 = n
  6. Solve for m and n.

    From the y-components, we directly get:

    n=1n = 1

    From the x-components:

    2m=5−22m = 5 - 2 2m=32m = 3 m=32m = \frac{3}{2}

    The values are m=32,n=1\boxed{m = \frac{3}{2}, n = 1}.

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