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Three computer keyboards and 2 chargers cost Kshs. 5,100. Four keyboards and 3 chargers cost Kshs. 7,050. Find the cost of one keyboard and one charger.

Mathematics

ScanSolve AI Answer

Step-by-step solution

4 steps
  1. Formulate the system of linear equations.

    Let kk be the cost of one keyboard and cc be the cost of one charger.
    From the first statement: "Three computer key boards and 2 charger cost Kshs. 5,100"

    3k+2c=5100(1)3k + 2c = 5100 \quad (1)

    From the second statement: "4 similar keyboards and 3 similar chargers cost Kshs. 7,050"

    4k+3c=7050(2)4k + 3c = 7050 \quad (2)
  2. Express the system of equations in matrix form AX=BAX = B.

    A=[3243],X=[kc],B=[51007050]A = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & 2 \\ 4 & 3 \end{bmatrix}, \quad X = \begin{bmatrix} k \\ c \end{bmatrix}, \quad B = \begin{bmatrix} 5100 \\ 7050 \end{bmatrix}

    So, the matrix equation is:

    [3243][kc]=[51007050]\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 2 \\ 4 & 3 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} k \\ c \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 5100 \\ 7050 \end{bmatrix}
  3. Find the inverse of matrix AA.

    The determinant of AA is det⁡(A)=(3)(3)−(2)(4)=9−8=1\det(A) = (3)(3) - (2)(4) = 9 - 8 = 1.
    The inverse of a 2×22 \times 2 matrix [abcd]\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix} is 1ad−bc[d−b−ca]\frac{1}{ad - bc} \begin{bmatrix} d & -b \\ -c & a \end{bmatrix}.

    A−1=11[3−2−43]=[3−2−43]A^{-1} = \frac{1}{1} \begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 \\ -4 & 3 \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 \\ -4 & 3 \end{bmatrix}
  4. Solve for XX by multiplying A−1A^{-1} by BB.

    X=A−1BX = A^{-1}B [kc]=[3−2−43][51007050]\begin{bmatrix} k \\ c \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 \\ -4 & 3 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} 5100 \\ 7050 \end{bmatrix}

    Perform the matrix multiplication:

    k=(3)(5100)+(−2)(7050)k = (3)(5100) + (-2)(7050) k=15300−14100k = 15300 - 14100 k=1200k = 1200 c=(−4)(5100)+(3)(7050)c = (-4)(5100) + (3)(7050) c=−20400+21150c = -20400 + 21150 c=750c = 750

    The cost of each keyboard is Kshs. 1200 and the cost of each charger is Kshs. 750.

    Cost of keyboard=Kshs. 1200,Cost of charger=Kshs. 750\boxed{\text{Cost of keyboard} = \text{Kshs. } 1200, \quad \text{Cost of charger} = \text{Kshs. } 750}
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