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Apply Gauss's Law, which states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of free space (0).

Physics

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Here are the solutions to the physics problems:

1. The electric field in a certain region is acting radially outward and is given by E=ArE = Ar. A charge contained in a sphere of radius RR centred at the origin of the field will be given by

  1. Apply Gauss's Law, which states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed divided by the permittivity of free space (ϵ0\epsilon_0).

    ΦE=∮E⃗⋅dA⃗=Qencϵ0\Phi_E = \oint \vec{E} \cdot d\vec{A} = \frac{Q_{enc}}{\epsilon_0}
  2. Choose a spherical Gaussian surface of radius RR centered at the origin.

    Since the electric field is radially outward and given

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