This physics problem tests your understanding of fundamental physical laws and their applications. The step-by-step solution below breaks down the problem using relevant equations and physical reasoning.
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Hey Hurry — ready when you are. Question 2(b)(i): Define mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is the sum of the kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (energy of position) of an object. It is the energy associated with the motion and position of an object. Question 2(b)(ii): Calculate the potential energy. Step 1: Convert the height from cm to m. h = 200 cm = (200)/(100) m = 2 m Step 2: Use the formula for potential energy. PE = mgh PE = (10 kg)(10 m/s^2)(2 m) PE = 200 J The potential energy possessed by the body is 200 J. Question 2(c)(i): Distinguish between an alkali and a base. A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions or donate a pair of valence electrons. An alkali is a soluble base that dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions (OH^-). All alkalis are bases, but not all bases are alkalis. Question 2(c)(ii): Name one natural source of each of the following bases: (α) Ammonia: Decomposition of organic matter (e.g., urea in urine). (β) Calcium oxide: Limestone (calcium carbonate, which is heated to produce calcium oxide). (γ) Potassium hydroxide: Wood ash. Question 2(d)(i): Explain the term mulching. Mulching is the practice of covering the soil surface with a layer of material (mulch) to conserve soil moisture, suppress weed growth, regulate soil temperature, and improve soil health. Question 2(d)(ii): List three materials used for mulching. 1. Straw 2. Wood chips 3. Leaves Question 4(a)(i): Differentiate between pest and parasite. A pest is an organism that causes damage or nuisance to humans, their crops, livestock, or property. A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism, obtaining nutrients from the host and often causing harm, but typically not killing the host immediately. Question 4(a)(ii): Name the stages in the life cycle of a weevil. The stages in the life cycle of a weevil (complete metamorphosis) are: 1. Egg 2. Larva 3. Pupa 4. Adult Question 4(b)(i): Calculate the concentration of the solution in mol dm⁻³. Given: Mass of KOH = 25 g, Volume of solution = 250 cm³, Molar masses: K = 39.0, O = 16, H = 1. Step 1: Calculate the molar mass of KOH. Molar mass of KOH = 39.0 + 16 + 1 = 56 g/mol Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of KOH. Moles of KOH = massmolar mass = 25 g56 g/mol ≈ 0.4464 mol Step 3: Convert the volume of the solution to dm³. Volume = 250 cm^3 = (250)/(1000) dm^3 = 0.250 dm^3 Step 4: Calculate the concentration in mol dm⁻³. Concentration = molesvolume = 0.4464 mol0.250 dm^3 ≈ 1.7856 mol/dm^3 The concentration of the solution is approximately 1.79 mol/dm^3. Question 4(b)(ii): Calculate the concentration of the diluted solution in mol dm⁻³. Given: Initial concentration C_1 = 1.7856 mol/dm³ (from part i), Initial volume V_1 = 125 cm³, Final volume V_2 = 1000 cm³. Step 1: Use the dilution formula C_1V_1 = C_2V_2. C_2 = (C_1V_1)/(V_2) Step 2: Substitute the values and calculate C_2. C_2 = (1.7856 mol/dm^3)(125 cm^3)1000 cm^3 C_2 = (223.2)/(1000) mol/dm^3 C_2 = 0.2232 mol/dm^3 The concentration of the diluted solution is approximately 0.223 mol/dm^3. Question 4(c): Name the discrete electronic component described by each of the following statements: (i) It stores electric charge: Capacitor (ii) It stores magnetic field when electric current flows through it: Inductor (or Coil) (iii) It opposes the flow of electric charge: Resistor (iv) It is made of two parallel plates separated by an insulator: Capacitor (v) It allows electric current to flow in one direction only: Diode Send me the next one 📸