This chemistry question involves key chemical concepts and calculations. The detailed solution below walks through each step, from identifying the reaction type to computing the final answer.
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You're on a roll — Here are the answers to your questions: i) The general name for the group in which elements P, Q, and R belong is alkali metals. ii) Ionization energy is the minimum amount of energy required to remove one electron from a gaseous atom in its ground state. iii) Element P has the highest ionization energy because it has the smallest atomic radius (two electron shells). The outermost electron is closer to the nucleus and experiences a stronger electrostatic attraction, requiring more energy to remove. iv) Element Q (Sodium) reacts vigorously with water in an exothermic reaction, releasing a significant amount of heat. This heat is sufficient to melt the low-melting-point metal. The hydrogen gas produced causes the molten metal to move rapidly on the water surface, creating a hissing sound. v) The equation for the reaction between element Q (Sodium) and water is: 2Na(s) + 2H_2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H_2(g) b) A strong base is a base that completely dissociates or ionizes in water to produce hydroxide ions. An example is sodium hydroxide (NaOH). A weak base is a base that only partially dissociates or ionizes in water. An example is ammonia (NH_3). c) i) Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base, which results in the formation of a salt and water. Send me the next one 📸