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Draw a circuit diagram for a simple circuit containing a battery, a switch, a resistor, an ammeter, and a voltmeter. Calculate the resistance if the ammeter reads 5A and the voltmeter reads 15V. Ident

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2 parts
c(iii)

3 Ω\text{3 } \Omega

d(iii)
1

Step-by-step solution

6 steps

Here are the answers to questions (c) and (d).

Part c(i)

  • II: Resistor
  • III: Switch
  • IV: Voltmeter

Part c(ii)

\begin{circuitikz} \draw (0,0) to[battery] (0,2) to[switch] (2,2) to[ammeter] (4,2) node[right]{V} to[R, l_=$II$] (6,2) (6,2) to[short] (6,0) (6,0) to[short] (0,0) (6,2) to[voltmeter, v_=$IV$] (6,0); \end{circuitikz}

(Note: The ammeter (V) should be in series with the resistor (II), and the voltmeter (IV) should be in parallel across the resistor (II). The battery (I) and switch (III) complete the circuit.)

Part c(iii)

3 Ω\text{3 } \Omega

  1. Identify the given values.

    The ammeter (V) reads current I=5 AI = 5 \text{ A}.
    The voltmeter (IV) reads potential difference V=15 VV = 15 \text{ V}.
    The component II is a resistor, RR.

  2. Apply Ohm's Law.

    Ohm's Law states that V=IRV = IR. To find the resistance RR, we rearrange the formula:

    R=VIR = \frac{V}{I}

  3. Substitute the values and calculate.

    R=15 V5 AR = \frac{15 \text{ V}}{5 \text{ A}} R=3 ΩR = 3 \text{ } \Omega

    The value of II (resistance) is 3 Ω\boxed{\text{3 } \Omega}.

Part d(i)

  • (α\alpha) 7: C (NaCl is a neutral salt)
  • (β\beta) 14: E (NaOH is a strong base)

Part d(ii)

  • (α\alpha) strong acid: A (HCl)
  • (β\beta) neutral: C (NaCl)
  • (γ\gamma) weak base: D (NH₃)

Part d(iii)1

  1. Identify the solution and its concentration.

    Solution A is 0.1 mol dm−30.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} HCl. HCl is a strong acid.

  2. Determine the hydrogen ion concentration.

    For a strong acid, the concentration of hydrogen ions [H+][H^+] is equal to the concentration of the acid.

    [H+]=0.1 mol dm−3=10−1 mol dm−3[H^+] = 0.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} = 10^{-1} \text{ mol dm}^{-3}

  3. Calculate the pH.

    The pH is calculated using the formula pH=−log⁡[H+]pH = -\log[H^+].

    pH=−log⁡(10−1)pH = -\log(10^{-1}) pH=1pH = 1

    The pH value of solution A is 1\boxed{1}.

Part d(iv)

Two solutions that will react to form salt and water (acid-base neutralization)

  • A (HCl) and E (NaOH)
  • B (CH₃COOH) and D (NH₃) (Any two pairs of an acid and a base from the table are acceptable.)

Part d(v)

What would be the colour of solution C upon addition of drops of universal indicator.

Solution C is 0.1 mol dm−30.1 \text{ mol dm}^{-3} NaCl. Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt formed from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH), making its solution neutral. A neutral solution (pH = 7) typically turns green with universal indicator.

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